The concern of this investigation lies with the development and estimation of models explaining children's intellectual variability. Specifically, attention is directed to: (a) the role of parental status attainments and family environments in the transmission of intellectual advantage-disadvantage across generations; (b) the possibility that…

This paper reports the results of two related studies. The primary purpose of the first study (involving both nursery and first grade subjects) was to determine what evidence there is of two distinct processes basic to the control over the initiation and inhibition of inappropriate behavior on the Luria task. In the second study the focus of…

This study was conducted to observe the effects of social class on the interaction of mothers and their 12-week-old infants. Data on the infants' cognitive and attentive behavior was also obtained. Each of 32 white and black infants from five different levels of social class was observed at home for two full hours of waking time. Observed infant…

This paper considers the question of bias in group administered academic achievement tests, bias which is inherent in the instruments themselves. A body of data on the test of performance of three disadvantaged minority groups--northern, urban black; southern, rural black; and, southwestern, Mexican-Americans--as tryout samples in contrast to…

The problem of evaluating school progress and its programs has recently been the topic of much research and discussion. The Center for the Study of Evaluation confronted this problem and produced the CSE Elementary School Evaluation KIT: Needs Assessment as a partial solution (see ED 058 673.) Within the framework of the KIT, the need for school…

Contents of this compilation of testimony include: (1) statements by L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, professor of genetics, Stanford University; Richard A. Goldsby; Irving I. Gottesman, professor of psychology, University of Minnesota; Arthur R. Jensen; and Jane R. Mercer, associate professor of sociology, University of California, Riverside; (2) such…

In this study, individual-oriented and system-oriented models of systemic rejection among white and black adolescents are investigated. Systemic rejection is defined as attitudes of political alienation and political violence justification. Twelve hypotheses were generated and tested using survey data collected in May 1976 from a random sample of…

Examination of 459 Black Middletown inhabitants indicate that a "typical" Black community is characterized by high levels of kin involvement, particularly between parents and adult children, and between siblings. The respondents, especially those of higher socioeconomic status, reported giving and receiving financial assistance, and feeling that…

Recommends encouraging children to make personal links between particular topics, their own prior experiences, and their developing sense of identity. Schools are more socially diverse than ever before, and this will continue to increase in the future, so that many students will have more than one culture to draw upon. (NKA)

Describes research that examined the relationship between juvenile delinquency and ties to conventional institutions (such as parents and school). Reports that the effects of attachment and delinquency are reciprocal and contingent on social status. Challenges the use of previous findings which showed a negative effect of attachment on delinquency…

Discusses: (1) potential advantages of learning computer programing, (2) performances of males and females in middle school programing courses, (3) problems teachers face in achieving this potential, and (4) participation of males and females in programing courses. Results show females, on the average, perform as well as or better than males.…

Describes research demonstrating how a group of urban Black elementary school students were denied full access to literacy based on teacher assessments of their attitudinal displays as inappropriate, although they demonstrated literacy skills in peer and nonschool contexts. Argues that admission to literacy not acquisition of literacy was the…

Commissioned by the Foundation for Child Development, this report examines the state of universal prekindergarten in the United States and the challenges to its widespread implementation. The report describes socioeconomic and ethnic/racial differences in school readiness and maintains that policymakers need to identify mechanisms in addition to…

This paper explores social-class consciousness and how it relates to education policy. Through autobiographical narrative, the paper examines how an original working-class background determined which route to follow in public education in post-World War II England and how that education molded her social identity and consciousness as a…

Noting that the kindergarten year is important in establishing competencies critical to children's success and achievement in school, and the lack of information on how children make the transition to kindergarten, this study examined differences in parental reports of children's adjustment behaviors for a large, nationally representative sample…