"Communcacion popular" is an attempt by the peasant classes in Latin America to set up communication channels, independent of the hierarchy of intermediaries, that link them to the ruling elite. This language of liberation is self-reliant and defiant, coloring every aspect of its participants' lives. Its channels of communication are…

Through the conceptual use of systems analysis, systems which impinge upon current urban education are discussed in this paper. Examples are offered of subsystem changes within education and ways these changes affect the results of the educational system. Relationships between urban education and the United States social and economic systems are…

This document contains chapter 7 of the final report of the Project on Social Architecture in Education. Chapter 7 is about a new open-space elementary school. The hopes were to create a humanely oriented, flexible program, in which teaching teams would utilize the open space in creative ways, emphasizing individualization. The early planning left…

The paper examines the relationship of values to education and stresses the need to design socially relevant educational systems. Problems which have contributed to the failure of most educational systems to reflect overall cultural values are identified. These include that educators are often oblivious to social needs and are unwilling to suggest…

EFFECTIVE SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT DEPENDS UPON AN ANALYSIS OF SCHOOLS AS SOCIAL SYSTEMS AND THE DETERMINATION OF THOSE STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES MOST PROMISING AS ENTRY POINTS FOR CHANGE EFFORTS. FIVE FEATURES ARE CENTRAL TO THE AMERICAN PUBLIC SCHOOL--ITS CHILDREN-CHANGING EMPHASIS, LOCAL CONTROL, NONVOLUNTARY NATURE, RELATIVE ISOLATION FROM OTHER…

THIS STARTER BIBLIOGRAPHY LISTS 154 BOOKS, ARTICLES, AND MONOGRAPHS PUBLISHED BETWEEN 1932 AND 1968 IN THE SUBJECT AREA BROADLY DESIGNATED AS "PLANNED CHANGE." EMPHASIS IS ON THE SCHOOL AS A SOCIAL ORGANIZATION AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT IN AFFECTING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE. SCHEMATIC FIGURES ARE INCLUDED TO CLARIFY ORGANIZATION OF…

The professionalism of society, the higher education of British elites, and the control of British higher education are addressed in the three papers comprising this report. The rise of a professional society, defined as a society increasingly based on technical or bureaucratic knowledge, and on trained expertise and certification by paper…

In order to help social learning become a more operational theory, this thesis attempts to create a better understanding of the conditions conducive to effective group action in a social context. Parts one and two trace the evolution of social learning theory in education and planning. Part three attempts to identify within a practical setting --…

A system of individually guided education in the multiunit elementary school organizes the school into instruction and research units headed by a unit leader. This study determined the extent of agreement among and between principals, teachers, and unit leaders regarding expectations held for the unit leader role; examined the relationship between…

These proceedings are comprised of the following papers on Spanish-speaking people in the United States: "Sampling and generalization in anthropological research on Spanish-speaking groups" (T. Weaver); "Social class, assimilation and acculturation" (J. Moore); "The study of migrants as members of social systems" (L.…

This report outlines the background of educational policy and objectives before and after the Cultural Revolution in China. The basis of Chinese educational philosophy is Marxism-Leninism; the ideal society is that of the Marxian utopia of a classless society. The role of education is service to the state, not the individual. Educational policy is…

A set of nine teacher-prepared Learning Activity Packages for individualized instruction on world history at the tenth grade level includes the following units: Early Man and the Beginning of Civilization; Our Heritage from Greece and Rome; Life in the Middle Ages; The Renaissance and the Reformation; Revolution; The World at War; Totalitarianism;…

The curriculum guide for the second semester seventh grade social studies course is designed to help students better understand themselves by examining the physical aspects and the social systems of the world. Emphasis is on gaining insight into the way groups operate in ways approved by society, specifically into ways in which the social…

The paper briefly outlines some of the factors which influence the differentiation of leadership roles in the nuclear family, such that it may or may not occur, and that it may or may not occur along lines of sexual identity. Three general categories of factors are discussed: (1) the impact of individual differences in the family members; (2) the…

Specific data relating to public expenditure and employment for the criminal justice system in the United States are presented in tabular form in this annual survey report. Comprehensive data are supplied in 29 tables for the Federal Government, each of the 50 state governments, city, county, and other local subdivisions of government. Data are…