Pedagogical issue related to the teaching of elementary school mathematics are discussed. The authors argue that mathematics instruction should focus on intellectual challenges and problem solving. Four examples at different elementary levels are presented. nSD)

Activity sheets posing problems in which students must examine and test various possibilities are presented. (SD)

The author presented young children with reasoning problems. Summaries of performance on diverse problems are presented. (SD)

Described are various common misconceptions about the nature of mathematics and suggests that courses or activities based on model building might help change these. Two examples are offered. (SD)

Future public managers should be proactive by creating management processes before problems arise. Planning prevents reactive or crisis managing. Future managers should also be prepared to meet dilemmas and paradoxes such as centralization versus decentralization of decision-making and work processes, politics versus administration dichotomy, and…

To determine whether cognitive level rather than social class differences influence problem solving strategies, children from two SES levels were matched on cognitive abilities (preoperational, transitional and concrete operational) and administered a partial reinforcement task. (BD)

Describes school science activities in which students race model cars built from mousetraps, construct inventions using discarded junk, and compete in an egg dropping contest. (SL)

Elements of systems theory are discussed, including reasons for their appeal to social workers and dangers of uncritical application. Emphasized are the issue of analogies in theory building and systems theory implications for dealing with macrosocial phenomena, social change, and power. (Author/LBH)

This article presents a laboratory approach to teaching the scientific method. Students are given a problem that can be solved by testing their hypothesis in the laboratory. The exercise is designed to introduce scientific methods to junior high students. A sample student data form is included in the article. (MA)

In a physical education course children were given assignments alternating between athletic competition and individually solving problems on how they would use their bodies to accomplish assigned physical activities; it was found that they enjoyed problem solving at least as much, if not more than, competition. (JD)

Discusses some alternatives to calculus as an advanced high school course which will prepare students for college level work, improve their background in algebra, geometry and trigonometry, and introduce new and interesting material of a more advanced nature. (Author/RK)

Discusses the circumstances under which an individual may be legally confined to a mental institution. This includes the definition of "dangerousness", the attitudes of psychiatrists and civil libertarians, and a compromise solution between those viewpoints. (Author/RK)

The hypothesis was that structures built by group members in dealing with conflict and decision making would be contingent on their life styles. Three different sets of groups of persons with homogeneous life styles created three different (and predicted) structures in a problem-solving task. (Author)

Investigated were the problem solving strategies of 116 educable mentally retarded adolescents and 65 nonretarded mental age-equated fourth graders. (Author/DB)