The effects of interpersonal cooperation, competition, and individualistic efforts were compared on a categorization and retrieval, a spatial-reasoning, and a verbal problem-solving task. Forty-five first-grade children were stratified on the basis of sex and ability. Students in the cooperative condition achieved best. (Author/CTM)

This paper reports an attempt by teachers and psychologists to cooperatively develop a training program for nursery teachers which presents a general problem-solving strategy simple and flexible enough for the trainee to adapt to social interactions with children, other teachers, parents, and the community. (SJL)

The author contends that, in spite of the belief by principals and teachers that students participate in school decision making and problem solving, in reality they really do not. He suggests ways in which this condition can be rectified. (KC)

Students were administered the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Means-Ends Problem-Solving Procedure, and the anagram task used in investigating learned helplessness. Negative correlation was found between depression and interpersonal problem-solving ability. Only anxiety correlated with anagram performance. In…

Discussed identification of client goals and development of treatments with specified objectives, counseling components, and outcome measures meeting those goals. Volunteer counselors applied a career counseling treatment to undergraduates. Clients increased their knowledge of career decision making and satisfaction with career choices but not…

Compared communicational interactions of maritally distressed and nondistressed couples engaged in conflict resolution tasks. Distressed couples made significantly more negative cognitive and problem-solving acts. Distressed couples evidenced more reciprocity of negative communication as compared with nondistressed couples. Relationships of these…

The nominal group process, if used when assessing staff development needs, can improve the staff development program by bringing into the open factors inhibiting change. (Author/JM)

Transactional evaluation is a valuable communication tool for drawing out and resolving beneath-the-surface elements that hinder educational goals. (Author)

The way that fractions are taught to fourth-grade pupils at the Village Community School in New York City is detailed. The approach is thought to make the often frightening symbols of fractions into something that even beginning students find meaningful. Meaning rather than computational technique is emphasized. (MP)

The problems involved in making reservations for airline flights is discussed in creating a mathematical model designed to maximize an airline's income. One issue not considered in the model is any public relations problem the airline may have. The model does take into account the issue of denied boarding compensation. (MP)

Describes an approach to team training based on behavior modification learning principles and describes how it differs from other learning approaches and from common practice. While the implications are strongest for off-site and classroom training, there are implications for process consultation with intact teams. (Author)

Focusing on sports-oriented themes, activities that present computation and problem-solving examples that involve fractions, decimals, and percent are discussed. Worksheet masters suitable for duplication for classroom use are provided. (MP)

Describes ways to help preservice teachers become good classroom instructors of problem solving. It is felt it is impossible to teach problem solving if teachers themselves are not adequate problem solvers. In all cases, preservice teachers should have opportunities to solve problems and identify strategies used. (MP)

At intervals during the reading of an article, college students were asked to stop and state how they were preparing to answer an unspecified question about the article. Those students who had attempted to discern the question had significantly superior performance to those who had not devised such a strategy. (JN)

Proposes that teachers begin the school year with a class study of discipline and student participation in establishing classroom rules. Describes the components of such a lesson and the procedures and forms inherent in any effective discipline system. (RL)