The feasibility of evaluating the performance of student teachers by observing the academic achievement of pupils was explored. The following questions were posed: Do expectancies of learners held by student teachers influence pupil achievement on a single instructional unit when prior achievement of pupils is held constant? Does the amount of…

This report describes the naturally occurring variations in time allocated to reading instruction in eight grade-five classes selected as part of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. Students completed a set of reading tests in early and late fall and teachers maintained records of instructional time allocated, setting, and content covered.…

This report describes a field study of the relationship between instructional time and student achievement in nine grade-two classrooms. Amounts of time allocated to reading and to instructional settings are described for a 40-day instructional period. Student "engaged time" was also measured for a 10-day period. Relationships between…

The training manual provides self-instructional materials for the Oral Reading Observation System (OROS) designed to teach accurate coding of teacher/pupil verbal interactions during oral reading instruction. The nine sections focus on specific aspects of the OROS system, include self-evaluation exercises, and have the following titles: (1)…

This study reports an attempt to measure implementation of Head Start Planned Variation, a national experiment designed to compare the relative effectiveness of 12 education models. The report first gives the background of the experiment, describes the problem of attempting to assess effectiveness without first measuring implementation, and…

This paper reports the development of an instrument for monitoring teaching strategies in the teaching of mathematics. The main purpose of research into this area was to determine the aspects of mathematics teaching which result in differential learning within a class. A second purpose was the development of a theoretical model for the teaching…

Classroom observation is an integral part of teacher preparation. The observer must enter the classroom with a frame-of-reference: knowledge of the teacher's goals and objectives, awareness of the climate of the classroom, and knowledge of the discipline. Observation forms to objectively record classroom interaction, assess the learning climate,…

The result of the application of Kelly's (1955) psychology of personal constructs to education is a personal construct model of teaching which reflects itself both in a series of five propositions (based on Kelly's postulates) and a measurement technique, the Tuckman Teacher Feedback Form (TTFF), which is appropriate for determining teacher…

To determine whether teachers' dominative and integrative contacts with children are related to their assessments of children, four kindergarten teachers were observed for 300 minutes each. The Clifton form of the Anderson observational system was used to measure teacher contacts with individual children in their classes. Teachers were then asked…

This investigation considered several issues relevant to the assessment of teacher nonverbal behaviors in the classroom. Multiple steps were taken to identify teacher proximity as a quantifiable dimension of teacher nonverbal behavior. These steps include the following: a) isolation of the student-initiated question frame as a suitable and…

During teacher-administered tryouts of an instructional program, staff observations of classroom lessons are an important data source for making later revisions. However, such data are often unavailable when needed because of a lack of systematic procedures for data collection and documentation. This paper suggests certain procedures for reporting…

The workbook is intended as an instructional guide for a course in behavioral assessment of developmentally disabled persons. Exercises in the five units test skill in such areas as sensory modalities assessment and disruptive behavior recording, and a unit assessment evaluates the participant's knowledge of unit objectives. Criterion for passing…

Presented is the instructor's manual for a course in assessing behavior of the developmentally disabled. Suggested are techniques for teaching the course, and provided are the correct answers and assessments for five workbook units dealing with such topics as use of formal and informal evaluation, and learning modalities assessment. Included is a…

The purpose of this study was to summarize an examination of the social interactions of a sample of 370 preschool children and to demonstrate from the summary that social settings within the preschool environment differentially affect both the quality and quantity of social interaction. The Social Interaction Observation Procedure was used to…

The focus of this study was the differential effects of a bilingual teacher and a nonbilingual teacher on the activity and interaction systems of classes where approximately 80 percent of the children were from bilingual homes. Special emphasis is on the general effects of teacher behavior on learning. Two teachers in an open-classroom school were…