This guidebook, the second in a series of three, (plus a linker's guide) is intended to aid educational personnel in the selection of programs and materials best suited for specific schools and needs. The first section of the guide enables educators to develop detailed estimates of the costs for each program under consideration. The second section…

This guidebook, the final in a series of three, serves as a work action plan to help educators and educational administrators in implementing and evaluating new programs and instructional materials. Checklists of the various kinds of materials necessary for the implementation of an educational program are provided, along with hints about the most…

A TENTH-GRADE BIOLOGY CURRICULUM GUIDE IS PRESENTED. THE FOUR UNITS OF STUDY ARE FOUNDATIONS OF LIFE, VARIETY OF LIFE, DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE, AND CONTINUITY OF LIFE. ALSO INCLUDED ARE AN OUTLINE COURSE OF STUDY, A STATEMENT OF COURSE OBJECTIVES, SAFETY RULES AND REGULATIONS, A DESCRIPTION OF FIVE TEACHING METHODS (CLASS DISCUSSION, THE…

SOME CASES OF EMOTIONAL MALADJUSTMENT AND UNDERACHIEVEMENT HAVE BEEN A RESULT OF POOR STUDENT PLACEMENT WITH CERTAIN TYPES OF TEACHERS. IF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS COULD BE TESTED THROUGH THE USE OF A FLEXIBILITY-RIGIDITY SCORE, THEIR BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS COULD BE MATCHED AND THE CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT IMPROVED. FLEXIBILITY, IN A CLASSROOM…

CONCEPT FORMATION--AS IT IS AFFECTED BY SUBJECTS (NORMAL AND RETARDED), PROBLEMS (SIMULTANEOUS, SUCCESSIVE, AND SIMILARITY-DIFFERENCE), RESPONSES (MANUAL AND VERBAL), REINFORCEMENT (100 PERCENT AND PARTIAL REINFORCEMENT), AND STIMULI--WAS INVESTIGATED. ELEVEN SEPARATE EXPERIMENTS ARE DESCRIBED. IT WAS FOUND THAT--(1) CONCEPT ATTAINMENT IS…

MENTAL ABILITY CAN BE MEASURED BY THE PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS RATHER THAN BY THE NUMBER OF CORRECT SOLUTIONS. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY ARE--(1) TO DEVELOP AND STUDY PROPERTIES OF MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES WHICH REVEAL THE PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS, (2) TO DEVELOP WAYS OF DESCRIBING INDIVIDUALS THROUGH THEIR PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESSES, AND (3) TO…

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO INVESTIGATE (1) THE AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATED BY THE KNOWLEDGE OF A PRINCIPLE AS OPPOSED TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF CUES AND (2) THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF A PRINCIPLE AS OPPOSED TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF CUES AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF LEARNING. THE FOUR GROUPS MAKING UP THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN WERE A CUE GROUP…

IT IS SUGGESTED THAT THE SECOND YEAR OF ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTION SHOULD BEGIN, IF NECESSARY, WITH REVIEW OF THE WORK OF THE PREVIOUS GRADE. THE NUMBER SYSTEM SHOULD BE DEVELOPED WITH BACKWARD AND FORWARD COUNTING AND THE INTRODUCTION OF 10 AND THE ZERO. THE WHOLE NUMBERS UNIT SHOULD DEVELOP MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION FACTS THROUGH GROUPS UP TO…

TWO SERIES OF STUDIES WHOSE SUBJECTS WERE EITHER HOODED AND ALBINO RATS OR YOUNG CHILDREN INVESTIGATED THE INFLUENCE OF EARLY EXPERIENCES ON LATER BEHAVIOR. IN THE FIRST, BOTH SUBSPECIES OF RATS WERE EXPOSED TO EITHER ENRICHED OR RESTRICTED ENVIRONMENTS TO ASSESS THEIR PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES UNDER VARIOUS LEARNING CONDITIONS. THE RESULTS…

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE WHETHER GIVING THE LEARNER CONTROL MIGHT SHOW PROGRESSIVE EFFECTS ON LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING IN A GIVEN SUBJECT MATTER OVER A PERIOD OF SEVERAL MONTHS. ALL FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS IN 3 ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS AND 2 FIFTH-GRADE CLASSES FROM 1 OF THESE SCHOOLS PROVIDED APPROXIMATELY 200 SUBJECTS. SCHOLASTIC…

A REVIEW OF THEORY AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON "THE LEARNING BY DISCOVERY HYPOTHESIS," AND RELATED LITERATURE ON CONCEPT-LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING, WAS PREPARED FOR A CONFERENCE IN NEW YORK CITY, 1965. RECENT CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE SUBJECT AREA WERE DESCRIBED. ATTEMPTS WERE MADE TO IDENTIFY INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES AND…

THIS STUDY WAS THE COMPARISON OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES OF CHILDREN IDENTIFIED AS SUCCESSFUL PROBLEM SOLVERS WITH THE PROCESSES OF CHILDREN IDENTIFIED AS UNSUCCESSFUL. SPECIFIC ATTENTION WAS GIVEN TO THE PROCEDURE USED BY CHILDREN TO ARRIVE AT THE ANSWERS OF TEST QUESTIONS. THE PROCEDURE WAS THE INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEW TECHNIQUE FROM WHICH…

The extension of computer based communication to the more task-focused communication required by groups involved in joint problem solving is discussed in this paper. Specifically, it addresses three areas: (1) the aspects of the joint problem solving that are most suited to computer based communication support, (2) the computer based communication…

Science and technology are at their peak, but humanity is still unsure about them, and still struggling, resulting in a "human gap." Most learning is designed to maintain the status quo ("maintenance learning"), when it should be directed at coping with and managing change ("innovative learning"). Learning, if directed towards enhancing individual…

Computer coaching of students as an aid in problem-solving instruction is discussed. This report describes an advanced form of computer-assisted instruction that must not only present the material to be taught, but also analyze the student's responses. The program must decide whether to intervene and how much to say to a pupil based on its…