The popular view of a permanent Black underclass falling farther behind an expanding Black middle class is disputed by empirical evidence that the underclass is experiencing upward mobility. The discrepancy stems from social scientists' overreliance on cross-sectional data rather than longitudinal data in analyzing economic change among Blacks.…

Discusses the literature in Australia about cultural pluralism and its implications for educational policy, concentrating on the debate about the merits and weaknesses of the 1978 Australian government adoption of multiculturalism as its guiding policy. Critics accept multiculturalism as valid only in the domain of ethnic family and community.…

Using Locus of Control in Three Achievement Domains (LOCITAD), this study examines differences in locus of control orientation for 80 Anglo, 80 Black, and 44 Chicano high school students with respect to success and failure in three domains--intellectual, social, and physical. (Author/MP)

Recognizes that, although advocates of experiential learning feel that participation has a profound effect on one's life, concrete evidence to support this contention is lacking. Suggests that lack of such evidence may be due to the fact that the effects of experiential education do not become apparent until later in life. (Author/GC)

The American educational system reproduces an unequal system of social classes by emphasizing separate work skills for different social classes and by transmitting class-based social and power ideologies. A pedagogical model incorporating dual social consciousness and a dialectical view of social change is presented. (JN)

Throughout the educational history of American society, the entrance of a new group was extremely threatening to the established traditionalists already in power at educational institutions. An analysis is done of the advent of various groups onto the American educational scene. Implications are made for modern comparisons. (JN)

Argues that the United States system of education mirrors, creates, and legitimates inequalities of the larger society that supports it. (JT)

This study of 73 children sought to determine if children's perceptual comprehension of numerals is higher when they are shown symmetrical rather than asymmetrical arrangements of pegs, and if comprehension scores related to age, sex, and/or social class. The main hypothesis was rejected but some age and class differences were found. (SJL)

Kohlberg's moral dilemmas were used to determine levels of moral reasoning among 115 adolescents representing urban middle class and lower class, kibbutz-born and Youth Aliyah (disadvantaged urban youth educated in the kibbutz), Moslem and Christian groups in Israel. (Author/DB)

Examined are the various aspects of recruitment and training at both the Civil Service College in Britain and the Ecole Nationale d'Administration in France. Although they differ widely, their aims converge towards the same need for an educated, capable, and efficient administrative class. (Author/KC)

Examines how an English comprehensive school attempted to offer equal educational opportunity to and reconcile the social differences between children from two different social classes. (Author/IRT)

Considers four issues pertaining to aggression and adaptation: (1) conceptual and operational definitions of aggression; (2) how aggression relates to adjustment difficulties for boys and girls and for children from different ethnic and socioeconomic groups; (3) whether specific forms of aggression relate to truly positive correlates and whether…

Compares differences between adolescent and older mothers on tests of infant motor, cognitive, social and language development; and first- and second-year abilities. Older mothers were better at predicting emergence of infant behaviors and first-year behaviors. There was no difference between groups in predicting second-year behaviors. (Author/BB)