Medical problems of 262 children attending special schools for persons having intellectual impairments in Jordan were examined. The most common problems were neurological problems (affecting 38.55%), followed by dental disease, orthopedic problems, vision and eye problems, hearing/ear problems, urinary diseases, and heart problems. (JDD)

Reviews literature on marital status and well-being. Review finds little support for selection hypothesis which asserts that the relationship between marital status and well-being is spurious because emotional maturity explains both conditions. However, the evidence is consistent with protection/support hypothesis that a marital partner who…

Surveyed 92 male inmates in 3 medium-security federal prisons in British Columbia, Canada. Compared with younger inmates, older men had more contacts with friends and family, more friends in prison, and experienced less stress. Aside from problems with vision and hearing, their physical health appeared no worse when compared to that of younger…

Examines whether prepubescents are trainable in competitive sports, noting trainability differences between prepubescents and older groups. Changes in maximal aerobic power, metabolic cost of walking and running, muscle strength and power, and local muscle endurance are examined. Strength training is recommended only for rehabilitation or…

Precamp physical examinations for children should be more than just cursory checks for routine problems. They should be complete health maintenance exams tailored to the needs of each child and to the rigors of the camp being attended. (Author/SM)

Investigated relationship between baseline internal health locus of control (IHLC) and 6-year change in physical functioning in 356 older adults. IHLC was strongly related to change in physical functioning for women at all levels of baseline functioning but only affected men with lower baseline functioning. IHLC was related to importance placed on…

Provides an overview of human exposure to ultraviolet radiation and associated health effects as well as risk estimates for acute and chronic conditions resulting from such exposure. Demonstrates substantial reductions in health risk that can be achieved through preventive actions. Also includes a risk assessment model for skin cancer. Contains 36…

Examines the unique, combined, and interactive contribution of existential variables and traditional measures as predictors of depression in institutionalized and community-residing older adults. Results show that choice-responsibleness, social resources, and physical health predicted depression in community elderly; personal meaning, optimism,…

Examines the issue of overweightness and obesity among children. Addresses the following: (1) magnitude of obesity and overweightness; (2) growth of the problem in recent years; (3) diet and other key roles; and (4) the relation of obesity to income, education, and ethnicity. (SD)

Studied maintenance procedures in 201 overweight female participants who completed a very-low-calorie diet. Posed two questions: (1) Would stimulus narrowing during the reintroduction of solid food improve weight losses and the maintenance of those losses? and (2) Would reintroduction of foods dependent on progress in losing or maintaining weight…

Twenty-one percent of the surveyed women (N=133) with cancer and 13% of their daughters (N=64) reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prevalence of PTSD symptoms in daughters appears comparable to women with breast cancer. Discusses intergenerational patterns in reaction to breast cancer. (JDM)

Outlines a biopsychosocial model for perceived racism as a guide for future research, reviewing how racism has been conceptualized in scientific literature, examining research on the existence of intergroup and intragroup racism, presenting a contextual model for systematic studies of the biopsychosocial effects of perceived racism in African…

Objective: To examine the associations between duration of institutionalization, age at abandonment, and mental and physical health outcomes of young institutionalized children in Romania and to examine patterns of associations between placement history, physical growth variables, and psychiatric symptoms. Method: Institutionalized children (ages…

Purpose: This study describes the development of a short version of the Expectations Regarding Aging Survey (ERA-38), a 38-item survey measuring expectations regarding aging. Design and Methods: In 1999, surveys containing the ERA-38 were mailed to 588 adults aged [greater than or equal to] 65 years who were recruited through physicians; 429…

A literature review was conducted to analyze existing data on health status, health care utilization, and medical outcomes of persons with intellectual disabilities. We found that barriers exist, but evidence indicates that (a) individuals with intellectual disability and medical needs are living in the community, (b) people with significant…