Explores marriages in which marriage and family life are organized around the wife's job or career rather than the husband's (N=46). Found three predictive social conditions: wives having traditionally male jobs, flexibility of husbands' jobs, and absence of children. Describes techniques of deviance neutralization used to minimize costs. (JAC)

Studied the aging process and the mechanisms used by the elderly to cope with age in rural Ireland. Reciprocity is identified as one of the major strategies that reinforce independence, manifested in the stem family, sibling relations, pets, neighbors, parental caretakers, financial resources, and family configurations. (JAC)

Tested the utility of an exchange model for predicting divorce or withdrawal of divorce petitions, using court records and interviews of men and women who were divorced or subsequently withdrew their divorce petitions. Discriminant function analyses indicated that an exchange model can predict divorce versus petition withdrawal. (JAC)

Author examines the social foundations of McLuhan's concepts and analyses how McLuhan expanded social theory. (HB)

He discusses the development of a pattern-variable scheme as a theoretical framwork for the analysis of social systems, social action in general, personalities, and of cultural systems. His primary intellectual role models are: Weber, Durkheim, and Freud. (SE)

Explicit marital negotiation is analyzed in terms of a three-stage model. Disparity between partners in possession of context variables influences bargaining strategies. The point is made that current negotiations have inevitably been influenced by prior bargaining and outcomes, and that current negotiations and outcomes provide the context for…

Examines ritual and ceremonial behavior in organizations' social life, suggesting how administration can be conceptualized systematically in ritual terms. Proposes a cultural-studies, interpretive approach to organizational structure, functions, and behavior as ritual systems. Cultural perspectives reveal organizational heterogeneity, identify…

Analyzed relationships in traditional and caregiving homesharing arrangements. Respondents in both arrangements expressed satisfaction with basic money and service exchanges. For traditional arrangements, client satisfaction was related to lifestyle fit, social interaction desired and received, and lodger access in provider's home. In caregiving…

Network structures both enable and constrain the development of social relations. This research investigates these features by comparing the development of commitments in structurally enabled and structurally induced exchange relations. We integrate ideas from the theory of relational cohesion and the choice process theory of commitment. In an…

Introduction: Heightened concerns about industry influence on continuing medical education (CME) have prompted tighter controls on the management of commercial funding and conflict of interest. As a result, CME providers must closely monitor their activities and intervene if bias or noncompliance with accreditation standards is likely. Potential…

Inherent to all social exchange relations are elements of both cooperation and competition. We develop and test a theoretical model which proposes that the relative salience of the competitive, conflictual elements of exchange mediate and explain the negative effects of negotiated exchange, as compared with reciprocal exchange, on actors'…

This study examines affective commitment to employing and client organizations among long-term contracted employees, a new and growing employment classification. Drawing on organizational commitment and social exchange literatures, we propose two categories of antecedents of employee commitment to client organizations. We tested our hypotheses…

Unmarried parents in the AHEAD study derive the majority of their long-term care hours from their children, and child caregivers are generally unpaid. This paper examines the extent to which the division of end-of-life transfers compensates caregiving children. In a model of siblings' altruistic contribution of care to a shared parent, the…

Performance variables were manipulated to elicit differential outcomes of success and failure for dyad members in an attempt to investigate resultant bargaining and distribution of rewards. Seventy, 10-12-year old children (36 female, 34 males) were placed into dyads controlling for age, sex, I.Q., and friendship choices. Self-allocations were…