This paper presents results of an investigation designed to examine the effectiveness of a structured problem-solving process entitled peer collaboration to assist general classroom teachers in developing and implementing alternative interventions focused on the needs of students with mild learning and behavior problems. Forty-eight teachers from…

A marker method (MM) and a rating method (RM) for testing a phasing hypothesis of family problem-solving interactions (PSIs) are compared. Focus was on studying the procedure employed in each method to test a phasing hypothesis of problem solving and how the methods compare against a set of criteria. In the RM, each family problem-solving episode…

Decision making about an observational recording system for family interaction research is crucial. Alternative coding-recording methods and combinations thereof are discussed, including: (1) paper-and-pencil on-site method; (2) video-tapes; (3) paper-and-pencil and mechanical coding devices; (4) transcripts; and (5) transcripts combined with…

The refinement of the cognitive knowledge base was studied through exploration of the transition from novice to expert and the use of an instructional strategy called novice knowledge engineering. Six college freshmen, who were enrolled in an honors physics course, used an expert system to create questions, decisions, rules, and explanations…

The "Future Problem Solving" exercises (originated by E. Paul Torrance at the University of Georgia) can be used as a method to teach literature. The process used in future problem solving entails all the higher level processes, involves both critical and creative thinking, as well as cooperative learning, and lends itself to the…

Research findings on problem solving and ideas for improving problem-solving instruction are presented. What a problem is and the fact that few problems appear in textbooks are noted. What successful problem solvers do is discussed, with the stages of problem solving described, including the point that checking their work may be the most important…

The Rule Space Model, a cognitive error diagnostic methodology, is discussed, and the philosophy behind it is related to the question of what really determines item response curves. The Rule Space approach integrates Item Response Theory and the algebraic theory of databases. An application of Graph Theory is introduced as a way to acquire a list…

Specifically designed for teachers, administrators, and other school decision-makers, this monograph outlines ways quality circles can be used to improve educational planning and decision-making. The first of four sections defines quality circles as a group of workers who identify, analyze, and propose solutions to problems within their scope of…

This monograph's purpose is to provide a basis for team development for quality circle groups involved in problem-solving and decision-making. Training group members in team building is a crucial factor for success in quality circles. The following are important needs for group members: a sense of belonging, a commitment to group goals, a sense of…

This project was designed to construct a single theoretical framework for the analysis of problem solving and real time "attention and performance" behavior. The model was developed as a computer program. It was designed in a similar manner to that of various problem solving simulations that use the "production system"…

Like other types of dispute resolution, mediation brings the parties in conflict together to solve their problems. It provides a fresh perspective by introducing a third party who is entirely neutral and is skilled in helping parties solve their problems. With the increasing dissatisfaction with the formal justice system, mediation has been…

Artificial intelligence, or the study of ideas that enable computers to be intelligent, is discussed in terms of what it is, what it has done, what it can do, and how it may affect the teaching of tomorrow. An extensive overview of artificial intelligence examines its goals and applications and types of artificial intelligence including (1) expert…

Arguing that complaints are inevitable and that complaint handling should be an integral part of the library's public service program, this paper identifies and discusses the components of such a program. Concerns discussed are those that should be of general interest to all types of libraries, and the primary focus is on external complaints,…

Three papers focus on applications of computer graphics with deaf and severely language impaired children. The first describes a drawing tablet software that allowed students to use visual and manipulative characteristics to enhance problem solving and creativity skills. Students were thus able to solve problems without the obstacles of language.…

One reason why curriculum planning has received so much attention but generated so little practical activity is the inadequate grasp of the arts of perception--the arts which enable curriculum developers to see and make use of the significant and particular features of problematic situations. The four kinds of practical arts are: perception (list…