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Davidson, Denise; Rainey, Vanessa R.; Vanegas, Sandra B.; Hilvert, Elizabeth – Infant and Child Development, 2018
Robust evidence exists for the shape bias, or children's tendency to extend novel names and categorize objects more readily on the basis of shape than on other object features. However, issues remain about the conditions that affect the shape bias and its importance as a linguistic device. In this research, we examined how type of instruction…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Young Children, Classification, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
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Shi, Jiawei; Zhou, Peng – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2018
The present studies sought to investigate the mapping relations between language and cognition by focusing on how Mandarin-speaking children acquire the mapping between their conceptual knowledge of possession and their linguistic expressions of possession. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 used a comprehension task to explore whether…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Child Language, Nouns, Task Analysis
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Philippakos, Zoi A. – Reading Teacher, 2018
Proficient writers spend substantial time planning for writing, and that planning begins with analyzing the writing task. They spend time considering the topic, the audience and its needs, and the genre and form of the writing. This rhetorical analysis helps them set goals, orient their attention, and get organized. Task analysis can also help…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Writing Assignments, Writing Processes, Writing Skills
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de Kleijn, Roy; Kachergis, George; Hommel, Bernhard – Cognitive Science, 2018
Sequential action makes up the bulk of human daily activity, and yet much remains unknown about how people learn such actions. In one motor learning paradigm, the serial reaction time (SRT) task, people are taught a consistent sequence of button presses by cueing them with the next target response. However, the SRT task only records keypress…
Descriptors: Sequential Learning, Reinforcement, Psychomotor Skills, Reaction Time
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Watabe, Yuko; Owens, Julie S.; Serrano, Verenea; Evans, Steven W. – Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 2018
Previous literature suggests that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit a positive bias (PB), defined as an over-estimation of one's own ability as compared with actual ability. However, it is possible that the larger discrepancy (i.e., PB) in children with ADHD is accounted for by lower competence levels rather…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Competence, Bias
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Vuolo, Janet; Goffman, Lisa – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between language load and articulatory variability in children with language and speech sound disorders, including childhood apraxia of speech. Method: Forty-six children, ages 48-92 months, participated in the current study, including children with speech sound disorder,…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Language Impairments, Speech Impairments, Young Children
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Yoon, Si On; Brown-Schmidt, Sarah – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2018
It is well established in studies of two-party conversation that conversational partners jointly establish brief labels for repeatedly mentioned entities. When speaking to a new partner who is unfamiliar with the labels, speakers use longer expressions to facilitate understanding. How this process of audience design scales up to multiparty…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Language Usage, Discourse Analysis, Audience Awareness
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Frizelle, Pauline; Thompson, Paul A.; McDonald, David; Bishop, Dorothy V. M. – Journal of Child Language, 2018
Studies examining productive syntax have used varying elicitation methods and have tended to focus on either young children or adolescents/adults, so we lack an account of syntactic development throughout middle childhood. We describe here the results of an analysis of clause complexity in narratives produced by 354 speakers aged from four years…
Descriptors: Syntax, Child Development, Language Acquisition, Task Analysis
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Sahin, Melek Gülsah; Boztunç Öztürk, Nagihan – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2018
This study aims to establish a model proposal for solving problems in the use of performance tasks at the high school level. The study which adopted qualitative research method was planned in two stages. First, the problems faced by high school teachers (n = 40) using performance tasks were determined, and for the second stage the opinions of…
Descriptors: High School Teachers, Problem Solving, Performance, Task Analysis
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Gravlee, Clarence C.; Maxwell, Chad R.; Jacobsohn, Aryeh; Bernard, H. Russell – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2018
This article tests whether collecting pile-sort data online produces results similar to those obtained with face-to-face methods. We collected pile sorts from 227 university students in the cultural domain of emotions. To test for mode and design effects, we randomly assigned participants to face-to-face or internet modes and to either a 15- or…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Online Searching, Internet, Interviews
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Huang, Yi Ting; Arnold, Jennifer E. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2018
Reference production is often studied through single dimensions of contrast (e.g., "tall glass" when there are one or two glasses of varying height). Yet real-world communication is rarely so simple, raising questions about the factors guiding more complex referents. The current study examines decisions to mention set relations (e.g.,…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Vignettes, Discourse Analysis, Communication (Thought Transfer)
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Cepulic, Dominik-Borna; Wilhelm, Oliver; Sommer, Werner; Hildebrandt, Andrea – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Recent research on individual differences in object cognition (OC) focused on determining how objects group together, and what type of processing lies behind the clusters--a single domain-general or multiple domain-specific processes. The expertise hypothesis suggests that all object categories are processed by the same mechanism that is…
Descriptors: Psychometrics, Recognition (Psychology), Human Body, Visual Perception
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Baddeley, Alan D.; Hitch, Graham J.; Quinlan, Philip T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Immediate serial recall of verbal material is highly sensitive to impairment attributable to phonological similarity. Although this has traditionally been interpreted as a within-sequence similarity effect, Engle (2007) proposed an interpretation based on interference from prior sequences, a phenomenon analogous to that found in the Peterson…
Descriptors: Phonology, Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Task Analysis
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Park, Jisook; Miller, Carol A.; Rosenbaum, David A.; Sanjeevan, Teenu; van Hell, Janet G.; Weiss, Daniel J.; Mainela-Arnold, Elina – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether dual language experience affects procedural learning ability in typically developing children and in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method: We examined procedural learning in monolingual and bilingual school-aged children (ages 8-12 years) with and without SLI. The…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Language Impairments, Sequential Learning, Second Language Learning
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Noll, Jane; Lowry, Mark; Bryant, Judith – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2018
An epicene pronoun is a gender-neutral singular pronoun used in sentences when the gender of the subject is unknown or unspecified. In English, "he" and "they" are commonly-used epicene pronouns. Until recently, "he" has been widely accepted as being grammatically correct. However, many have argued that he is sexist…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Form Classes (Languages), Sentence Structure, Gender Differences
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