A discussion of speech behavior and social distance outlines the major ways in which the study of rules of speaking can provide insights into the norms and values of a speech community. It shows ways in which the same material can provide information about the interaction process and the situations in which interlocutors negotiate their…

Designed to supplement the actual reading of children's books, this book provides an introduction to children's literature. It focuses on general trends and patterns rather than plot summaries. The two-part organization of the third edition explores first the foundations and contexts, then the various genres of children's literature. Discussion…

Interviews were conducted with 35 grass roots activists from middle-sized U.S. cities and small towns to learn about their perspectives and activities. No effort was made to obtain a representative sample of activists. The five main approaches to social change encountered were represented by members of the ideological and political left, by…

Reviews Richard Herrnstein's article and book concerning I.Q. and argues that the questions of the nature of intelligence and the respective influences of environment and heredity are important not just in the interpretation of statistical evidence but because these questions have implications in the lives of human beings. (Author/JM)

The more general purpose of the research discussed here which focused on exploring the genesis of a concept of a number of three to five year old children, was to show how the understanding of the influences of testing and observation conditions upon child behavior makes it possible to describe and interpret the behavior of all children.…

This paper critically examines hypothesized trends towards the conjugal family in India. Trends which have been interpreted as supporting movements towards the Western model of the conjugal family have been critically examined. (Author)

Preferences for 92 values were measured for 10 groups of black and white males and females of lower and middle class status in two geographically distinct settings in the United States. Factor analysis showed five shared value composites: (1) the good life, (2) pleasant working companions, (3) balance and adjustment; (4) artistic creativity, and…

Standard English has not disappeared, but merely changed as it "must" change when the dominant class setting the standard undergoes change. If teachers are to succeed in persuading pupils to change their language, they must know and teach the standard as it is, not as it used to be, while still implanting in the minds of some students…

The article, concerned with problems suggested by one point of a formula for effective communication (that the signs employed must refer to common experience), explores the ways in which culture blocks communication. Middle class institutions are urged to find ways to remove the barriers to communication with the poor. (AJ)

This study investigates the relationship between social class membership and certain syntactic variables within a generative-transformational linguistic framework. Fourteen syntactic items are considered. Linguistic performance is more variable and complex within the higher ranking groups. (TL)

Explores factors influencing people to either support or oppose the idea of economic equality, emphasizing that low income people apparently oppose equality: a literature review is interpreted as suggesting the existence of an underlying belief structure consisting of five elements, all of which would have to be present if equality is to be…

In order to determine whether poverty is the result of the work orientation of the poor, a secondary analysis of data obtained from a stratified sample of the Houston population was conducted, controlling for age, sex, and ethnicity: the findings are interpreted as casting doubt on the "culture of overty" hypothesis as it relates to work…

Nationally representative longitudinal data on 2548 white men and 822 black men aged 15-24 in 1966 were used to assess changes in aspirations and attainment between 1966 and 1971. Occupational as well as educational level was considered. Predictions that aspirations would be lowered when men failed to advance in educational level over a one year…

In this study, social mobility of the labor force in four urban areas, two in Canada and two in the United States, is researched. Based on data provided by a questionnaire, four components of social mobility are analyzed: (1) structural change patterns of occupational mobility; (2) social origins of nonmigrants; (3) intergenerational mobility; and…