The effect of interpersonal problem-solving skills training on the verbal and behavioral competence in the social problem-solving of preschoolers was assessed. An intervention was designed to help preschoolers set goals, generate alternatives, and evaluate outcomes in problematic social situations. For the verbal component of social…

Deductive reasoning problems were presented to 72 public elementary school students, half of whom were identified as gifted (mean age of 9.6 years) and half of whom were regular education students (mean age of 9.3 years). They were used to test an hypothesis that gifted children who score significantly higher than average on standardized…

A community survey conducted in Galveston County, Texas identified four attributes or characteristics of community leadership: problem-solving effectiveness; ability and willingness to accept responsibility; leadership cooperation; and leadership coordination of organizations. The leadership patterns found in Galveston County will effect the…

This paper proposes an hypothsis describing how some college students incorrectly view semantically laden letters and provides both clinical and written data that supports that hypothesis. Several word problems were given to nine college math students. These students were then interviewed as they attempted to solve these problems. In addition to…

There are no simple answers to the tricky business of managing conflict within organizations. Almost every conflict is a unique case with its own issues, participants, dynamics, and consequences. Still, it appears possible to differentiate between organizations that handle conflict productively and those that do not. Successful organizations view…

A domain-specific information processing model of problem solving behavior in elementary electrostatics was developed. Instruction based on this model was evaluated in a large university-level physics course. The experimental design utilized treatment and instructor as crossed factors. Dependent variables included a test of problem solving…

Fifty school administrators completed Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) and Patterson's Moral Action Choice Test (MACT) as part of a study to determine how Kohlberg's theory of moral development might apply to day-to-day administrative decision-making. The respondents were presented with hypothetical moral dilemmas and asked to explain what they…

An alternative general education program for freshmen at Albertus Magnus College is described. The program, an interdisciplinary student-centered introduction to general education, is composed of two parts that the student takes concurrently: (1) a year-long seminar in thought and expression, and (2) a sequence of four (usually 7-week) courses in…

This paper considers the nature of "understanding" in mathematics, and of instruction designed to foster it. The first part is theoretical, presenting an argument that there are (at least) three qualitatively different components to competent mathematical performance: (1) possession of the appropriate set of cognitive "resources," (2) the ability…

A model for enhancing the local capacity of urban schools for solving problems by restructuring school settings is the subject of this paper. In identifying the strength and weaknesses of such a concept, the paper reviews data from nine sites studied by the Documentation and Technical Assistance (DTA) project for their applicability to other…

Because of the extensiveness of the course outline for Math 301 (Manitoba Department of Education), schools would have had to purchase several different textbooks to cover the material adequately. Therefore, a set of materials to supplement the guide was developed. The exercises, projects, and reviews contained in this package are keyed to the 301…

Because of the extensiveness of the course outline for Math 201 (Manitoba Department of Education), schools would have had to purchase several different textbooks to cover the material adequately. Therefore, a set of materials to supplement the guide was developed. The exercises, projects, and reviews contained in this package are keyed to the 201…

This study examined whether male and female adolescents have equal facility in using a response orientation and a rights orientation in solving moral problems. A person using a response orientation in discussing moral dilemmas considers the moral problem as issues of relationships or of response, i.e., how to respond to others in their particular…

The relationship between cognitive psychologists and researchers in artificial intelligence carries substantial benefits for both. An ongoing investigation in causal reasoning in medical problem solving systems illustrates this interaction. This paper traces a dialectic of sorts in which three different types of causal resaoning for medical…

Successful interpersonal skills depend largely on skill in communication. The principal concern in the process of transmission, attending to, understanding, and accepting is attending--listening effectively and positively. Listening is a difficult skill and, for a variety of reasons, is not a natural state for most people. Self-awareness is the…