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Hunt, Doris – Monday Morning, 1969
Descriptors: Art Education, Child Development, Freehand Drawing, Skill Analysis

Taylor, Marjorie; Bacharach, Verne R. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1982
Errors made by 5- and 8-year-old children asked to draw a model were investigated in two studies. Results from both indicated that 5-year-old children are more likely to produce visually accurate drawings than had previously been supposed; for both ages difficulty in producing accurate drawings occurred when drawing rules and conventions…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Difficulty Level, Freehand Drawing, Visual Stimuli

Davis, Alyson M. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1983
Three experiments demonstrate that the context of a two-object array greatly influences the way in which young children represent the array in their copies. Children were aware of differences in orientation and in the nature of paired objects and were concerned with marking these differences in their drawings. (RH)
Descriptors: Context Effect, Foreign Countries, Freehand Drawing, Visual Stimuli

Holtz, Robert; And Others – Journal of Genetic Psychology, 1980
Twenty-eight male and 44 female college students were administered the Kinetic Family Drawing, the Comfortable Interpersonal Distance Scale and the Psychological Distance Scale. Results indicate no significant correlations for distance between the self and other family figures in the drawings and either of the two interpersonal distance scales.…
Descriptors: Family Relationship, Freehand Drawing, Higher Education, Test Validity

Swinehart, Robert O. – School Arts, 1980
Presents student exercises in visual notation (doodles, maps, sketches) and visual ideation sketching. A large portion of this article consists of a classroom poster explaining these two concepts. (SJL)
Descriptors: Art Activities, Freehand Drawing, Maps, Secondary Education

Brockman, Jessie – School Arts, 1978
The author suggests that, instead of making assignments to draw people, the art teacher should ask students to draw events happening around them at school and home. (SJL)
Descriptors: Art Activities, Current Events, Elementary Education, Freehand Drawing

Kalyan-Masih, Violet – Child Development, 1976
This study was undertaken to investigate (1) the findings of an exploratory study in which the Luquet-Piaget sequence of drawing was tentatively confirmed in children's drawings of a house with a tree behind it, (2) the relationship of house-tree task with selected Piagetian and two psychometric measures, and (3) synchronous development among…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Developmental Stages, Freehand Drawing, Preschool Education

Wieder, Charles G.; And Others – Art Education, 1977
Descriptors: Art Expression, Child Development, Creativity, Freehand Drawing

Francis, Denille M.; Kaiser, Donna; Deaver, Sarah P. – Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 2003
Presents results of a study of the graphic indicators in drawings by patients with substance abuse disorders. The Bird's Nest Drawing, an assessment task previously devised to elicit pictorial representations of attachment security, was used to examine attachment patterns of volunteers. Results showed that those with substance abuse diagnoses were…
Descriptors: Art Therapy, Attachment Behavior, Evaluation Methods, Freehand Drawing

Jordan, Karin – Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 2001
Describes the Joint Family Holiday Drawing Technique, an auxiliary technique to be used with traditional talk therapy. The technique may be used as an assessment tool early in the counseling process or at a later stage. It is used as a springboard for further discussion and exploration in evaluating family function. (Contains 13 references.) (GCP)
Descriptors: Art Therapy, Counseling Techniques, Family Counseling, Family Relationship

Reif, Linda – Voices from the Middle, 2003
Suggests that drawing allows students time to think, spaces in which to look at the world more deeply, and ways into words. Lists eight ways teachers can encourage students to use drawing in language arts classrooms. (SG)
Descriptors: Class Activities, Freehand Drawing, Instructional Innovation, Middle Schools

Silver, Rawley – Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 1993
Investigated gender and age differences in attitudes expressed in response to drawing task. Subjects (n=531) ranged in age from 7 to 65 years and older. Although proportionally more females than males drew pictures about relationships, and more males than females drew pictures about solitary subjects, differences did not reach statistical…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Art, Attitudes, Freehand Drawing

Morris, Maureen Batza – Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 1995
The tree drawings of 80 subjects, who were diagnosed with either multiple personality disorder, schizophrenia, or major depression, and a control group, were rated. Patterns were examined and graphs were used to depict results. Certain features were found to distinguish each category. The descriptive statistical findings were both consistent and…
Descriptors: Adults, Art Therapy, Depression (Psychology), Freehand Drawing

McConnell, Suzanne – Journal of Reading, 1993
Describes "Talking Drawings," a strategy translating mental images into simple drawings, which helps students at all levels bridge the gap to better comprehension and learning.(SR)
Descriptors: Adult Education, Adult Literacy, Comprehension, Elementary Secondary Education

Gross, Dana; And Others – Child Development, 1991
In two experiments, children and adults made judgments about drawings of a person walking or running. The drawings varied according to whether action lines, background lines, or no lines were present. Seven and nine year olds offered equivalent judgments of action and background lines, whereas adults distinguished between these devices. (BC)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Freehand Drawing