Based on a chapter entitled "Barriers to Employment of the Disadvantaged by Martin Deutsch and S. M. Miller in "Manpower Report of the President, 1968. Discusses the Nixon proposals for remediating poverty in relation to the socioeconomic factors operating to maintain the condition of being poor while working. (JM)

Analyzed long-term influence of employment and training programs on labor force participation rate of CETA participants. Analyzed data collected from terminated CETA participants (N=225). Results indicated that enrollment in employment and training programs can lead to increased wages, and positive feelings about participation in the work force.…

The numbers of scientists/engineers employed at colleges and universities continue to grow, although not so rapidly as their numbers grow in the federal and industrial sectors. This is the conclusion of a survey from the National Science Foundation covering data collected in January 1982. Other survey highlights are reported. (JN)

Analyzed data on employment after marriage for a cohort of women born around 1938. Results show a decline in the propensity to follow a conventional pattern of leaving the work force due to marriage or childbirth. The double track pattern of employment during childrearing is more common. (Author/JAC)

Results of the National Resident Matching Program are discussed, including changes in enrollment, withdrawal, and matching patterns, data on foreign medical graduates, ratio of positions per applicant, specialization patterns, and program participation. Tabulations for each specialty are presented in numerical and percentage forms. (MSE)

Examines the gap between the proportion of women teachers and women students in the universities of Great Britain and discusses the impact of women's qualifications, publications, attitudes, role conflicts, marriages and families, as well as salary levels and contracts on this condition. (LL)

The most common economic reasons for part-time employment during recessions are cutbacks in weekly hours due to slack work and failure to find full-time positions. Each is characteristically distinct and illustrates different underlying labor market problems. (JOW)

Examined the relationship between preferences for part-time work and the personal characteristics of unemployed youths (N=2,087) using data from the March 1979 Current Population Survey. Age and school enrollment were the strongest correlates of desire for part-time work. Additional research is needed on the consequences of youth unemployment.…

There is a sharp discrepancy between the number of nurses getting master's degrees focusing on advanced clinical practice and the availability of jobs in that area. If master's-prepared clinicians are not needed, graduate curricula must be evaluated in terms of the types of roles for which they are preparing students. (JOW)

A matched sample of Social Security and Current Population Survey records is used to determine life-cycle earnings patterns of White males. Estimated effects of schooling and experience compare well with other studies, but interaction effects with cohort do not. Military experience plays a powerful role in earnings differences across cohorts.…

Reviews the literature on part-time faculty quality, equality, and parity. Argues that part-time faculty/practitioners offer the expertise and immediacy needed for dynamic occupational training; that temporary part-time faculty should teach occasional programs; and that permanent part-time faculty, integrated into the college community, should…

The long-term decrease in farm employment has moderated in recent years, although technological gains continue, and farmers often need to moonlight in nonfarm jobs in order to remain in the business. (Author)

This paper reports a qualitative study of what difference it makes to the participants to have completed the Supported Work program. For the majority, Supported Work brought steadier jobs, higher wages and fringe benefits, increased self-confidence, and independence. (Author/CT)