Typical higher management expectations for the planning process are explored, along with why these expectations cannot always be met. Some limitations to planning for computer services are proposed that can make planning meaningful for operational concerns. (MLW)

Problems set in the real world help students see the relevance of mathematics. Topics that provide sources of real problems are discussed, with examples: mazes, packing, and networks. (MNS)

Gifted secondary students not only solved problems better, faster, and with less assistance than average pupils, but also processed information in a different fashion. (MNS)

Among ways suggested for teaching problem solving strategies are to select problem situations appropriate to the learner and to encourage learning from errors. A problem solving process which can be used with young children includes the components of formulation; interpretation; generation; decision making; implementation; evaluation; and…

Presents several examples of algebraic word problems and demonstrates how spreadsheets are used to solve the problems. Spreadsheet templates are included to illustrate how each problem is solved. (MBR)

The mental activities involving functions were studied with 60 children aged 4-15. Search strategies used for solving a problem reveal different stages toward the discovery of the monotonic property, which correspond to stages of proportional reasoning found by Piaget. Dependence between stage and age is confirmed. (Author/MNS)

Reviews factors leading to the successful implementation of the Instructional Systems Development (ISD) Model and derives implications for the design of an ISD users training program. Military and civilian ISD models are discussed, and recommendations for further research and development are given. Seventy-eight references are listed. (LRW)

This description of the development of expert systems designed to solve management problems focuses on the issue of corporate divestment as an example. Software needs are discussed, and an example of a management expert system for divestment analysis at James Madison University is briefly described. (Author/LRW)

The relationship of cognitive development to learning science is considered. Views of thinking from both a psychological and a scientific standpoint are compared in order to shed light on current science teaching practice. Metacognition and problem solving are discussed. (Author/MT)

Addresses the principles and problems associated with the use of significant figures. Explains uncertainty, the meaning of significant figures, the Simple Rule, the Three Rule, and the 1-5 Rule. Also provides examples of the Rules. (ML)

The goal of this unified theory of human reasoning is to specify what constitutes reasoning and to characterize the psychological distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning. The theory views reasoning as the controlled and mediated application of three processes (encoding, comparison and selective combination) to inferential rules. (JAZ)

Maintains that a process consultant may be needed to help find and solve common and not-so-common problems in a day care center through observation, diagnosis, and intervention. Also suggests how to find the consultant who will best serve the organization. (BB)

Provided is an analysis, using concepts from geometry, algebra, and trigonometry, to explain the apparent loss of area in the rug-cutting puzzle. (MNS)

Six bonuses that students and teachers experience when using calculators are described. Then problem solving and creative problem-making are discussed, followed by practical suggestions for teachers who want to try calculators. Advice on personalizing the use of calculators and recognizing some of their limitations is also included. (MNS)

Solutions to a problem on seating arrangements and one on a box-office situation are discussed; a statistical approach is used. Four computer programs are included. (MNS)