A problem solving, laboratory experience was devised in which first-year medical students were given a case description and then required to make judgments about what microbiology specimens should be collected and to analyze the results of laboratory tests in terms of implications for patient care. Over a four-year period revisions were made in…

Two teams, each comprised of teachers, a researcher, and a trainer/developer spent fifteen and a half months implementing the Interactive Research and Development on Teaching (IR&DT) strategy, a specialized educational research medthodology stressing interactive rather than linear communication between teachers and researchers. These teams are…

The ordering of difficulty of logic principles and the age of acquisition for each were examined with 160 gifted children (20 each from ages 4 to 11). Five principles of class logic were explored: three orders of enthymemes, i.e., missing conclusion, missing minor premise, and missing major premise; and two additional third order enthymemes, i.e.,…

To study the effects of behaving inconsistently with a central attitude, subjects (N=77) filled out a "Contemporary Social Issues Questionnaire," and then completed a sex-role or non-sex-role logic problem. It was hypothesized that subjects who score high on a feminism scale and who fail to solve a sex-role problem, thus demonstrating…

This paper is designed to provide the educator with an overview of instructional applications of the computer, along with important issues related to each application. Applications discussed include computer managed instruction, drill and practice, simulation, computer assisted testing, instructional games, tutorials, problem solving, and…

THE QUESTION OF THIS STUDY WAS WHETHER PREVIOUSLY FOUND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INTELLIGENCE AND PROBLEM SOLVING WOULD HOLD UP EVEN THOUGH SEVERAL MODIFICATIONS HAD BEEN INTRODUCED INTO THE CRITERION INSTRUMENT. SAMPLES WERE DRAWN FROM BOTH PROFESSIONAL UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE COURSES CONCERNED WITH THE TEACHING OF ARITHMETIC AT INDIANA…

THIS PAPER DESCRIBES A 60-ITEM GROUP ADMINISTERED PAPER-PENCIL ATTITUDE INVENTORY COMPRISED OF TWO SCALES, ONE ASSESSING THE CHILD'S BELIEFS ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS (SCALE I) AND THE OTHER ASSESSING THE CHILD'S SELF-CONFIDENCE IN UNDERTAKING PROBELM-SOLVING ACTIVITIES (SCALE II). DATA FROM 325 FIFTH-GRADE AND SIXTH-GRADE…

THE AUTHOR BELIEVES THAT BY BORROWING IDEAS AND PROCEDURES FROM CONTEMPORARY MOVEMENTS IN EDUCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY INDLUDING--DEFINITION OF EDUCATIONAL GOALS IN BEHAVIORAL TERMS, PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION, DISCOVERY LEARNING, AND COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY THEORIES, A USABLE COUNSELING MODEL CAN BE CONSTRUCTED. RELEVANT ETHICAL ASSUMPTIONS, INCLUDING THE…

TWO BASIC NEEDS OF THE DECISIONMAKER ARE IDENTIFIED--THE NEED TO FUNCTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CERTAINTY AND THE NEED TO BE VIGILANT AFTER THE INITIAL DECISION HAS BEEN MADE. PSYCHOLOGICAL CERTAINTY IS DETERMINED BY THE PERSON'S ASSESSMENT OF HIS ENVIRONMENT OR LIFE SPACE AND THE RESOURCES HE HAS AT HIS COMMAND, BOTH OF WHICH ARE…

THE EXTENT TO WHICH INCENTIVES INFLUENCE CHILDREN'S LEARNING WAS STUDIED BY INVESTIGATORS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT. BOTH VERBAL AND MATERIAL REWARDS WERE OFFERED TO SELECTED GROUPS OF CHILDREN WHICH VARIED IN NUMBER FROM 48 TO 80 CHILDREN. A DIFFERENTIAL METHOD PERMITTED THE CHILDREN TO EXPLORE THE RANGE OF REWARDS SO THAT THE COMPARATIVE…

CURRICULUM GUIDES FOR GRADE 7 "LIFE SCIENCE" AND GRADE 8 "EARTH SCIENCE" WERE DEVELOPED BY 24 AREA TEACHERS AND THREE SAM HOUSTON STATE COLLEGE PROFESSORS. THE PROJECT WAS SUPPORTED BY THE TEXAS SMALL SCHOOL ASSOCIATION, THE LOCAL SCHOOLS, AND FUNDS FROM THE TITLE III PROGRAM. THE TEACHER GUIDES WERE PREPARED TO IMPROVE THE…

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE (1) TO IDENTIFY AND COMPARE THREE KINDS OF TRANSFER EFFECTS--AN EFFECT ASSOCIATED WITH CUE REPETITION, A LEARNING-TO-LEARN EFFECT, AND A WARM-UP EFFECT, AND (2) TO EVALUATE THE USEFULNESS OF CUE-RESPONSE CORRELATIONS IN EXPLAINING TRANSFER EFFECTS. THE STUDY WAS BASED ON THE DEFINITION OF TRANSFER EFFECTS AS…

THE THREE MAIN PURPOSES OF THIS RESEARCH IN PROBLEM-SOLVING WERE (1) TO EVALUATE GROUP PERFORMANCE VERSUS PERFORMANCE NORMS BASED ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE PROBLEM, (2) TO STUDY INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE, AND (3) TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT THAT A PARTICULAR EDUCATIONAL LEVEL HAS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THESE PROBLEMS. THE SUBJECTS USED CONSISTED OF A…

THIS STUDY WAS AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS OF PROGRAMING TEACHING MACHINES. THE BASIC RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS WAS THAT SUBJECTS WHO USED TEACHING MACHINE PROGRAMS WITH EXPOSITORY PRESENTATIONS INTRODUCED BY PROBLEM-SETTING QUESTIONS WOULD LEARN AND RETAIN MORE INFORMATION AND WOULD LEARN MORE RAPIDLY THAN SUBJECTS WHO USED TEACHING…

BASAL READING (BR) AND INDIVIDUALIZED READING (IR) METHODS OF TEACHING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN TO READ WERE COMPARED TO DETERMINE THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO SKILL IN CREATIVITY AND PROBLEM-SOLVING. TEACHERS (N 29) WERE SELECTED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE STUDY. FIFTEEN TEACHERS WERE DIVIDED INTO A RANDOMLY ASSIGNED (RA) GROUP AND A TEACHER PREFERENCE…