With regard to proposal and report writing in particular, the Self-Monitoring Negative Checklist (SMNC) offers the potential of finished products that more completely realize the writer's objectives and serve the reader's or user's needs. Presented as a series of 31 warnings of what can go wrong in a proposal, the SMNC represents a mode of…

The monograph is intended to help parents or professionals teach severely handicapped children eating and drinking skills through the problem-oriented approach. The approach focuses on identification of the problem which restricts development of the skill, and selection of an alternative strategy for sequential teaching. The first section, on…

This chapter from a longer work concerns the ability of children to solve arithmetic word problems. The studies reviewed suggest that, with age, children's improved ability to solve word problems primarily involves an increase in the complexity of conceptual knowledge required to understand the situations described in those problems. Considered in…

This monograph provides teachers with a wide range of articles on the teaching of problem solving in the mathematics classroom. The first section, on Understanding the Problem, includes articles which provide a sense of the "problem" of teaching problem solving. The second section, on Devising a Plan, provides suggested plans for…

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of an innovative art education program that was piloted in two elementary schools in Wichita, Kansas in 1987. Two questions were addressed: (1) Does instruction in art by a qualified art teacher produce increased learning of the content of art? and (2) Does art instruction emphasizing thinking…

Preschool children's problem-solving strategies on structured and unstructured number tasks were compared in this study. Participants were 20 four-years-olds and 20 five-year-olds. Each child was administered a number conservation, addition and subtraction, and division task. The addition and subtraction task contained trials which were designed…

The 1987-88 dissemination program for REPLAN (the British program to promote educational opportunities for unemployed adults) is described; examples of good practice are identified; and suggestions for future dissemination activities are offered. The advice is intended for those who develop staff and curriculum for unemployed adults, and it…

This review examines 12 programs designed for use in classrooms to develop "general thinking skills" used in learning and problem-solving situations inside and outside classrooms. Analysis of program features focuses on the extent to which each program shows promise in helping students transfer the skills they develop through completing…

This study investigated the relationship of mild depression to global stress, specific stressors, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and gender. Existing theory supported expectations that non-depressed and mildly depressed persons would use different coping styles, and perceptions of stressful events and the quantity of stressful…

Use of a mediator to facilitate voluntary agreements between disputants is becoming a widely used method of conflict resolution in a variety of contexts. This study simulated a dispute to examine the influence of mediator and negotiator gender on mediator behavior. Male (N=94) and female (N=94) college students mediated a computer-simulated…

The teaching of critical thinking requires an understanding of the term, defined in this document as the processes of judgement or evaluation. Informal logic teaches students to understand and analyze arguments which are fallacious, to determine what is valid and invalid, and to evaluate non-deductive arguments. John McPeck and Richard Paul…

The manual describes the Autonomous Learner Model for the Gifted and Talented (K-12), an approach to helping students become problem solvers through divergent and convergent thinking. Among basic principles of the model are emphases on self esteem, social skills, student interests, and broad-based content topics. Each of five dimensions of the…

This report of an ongoing research project intended to provide computer assistance to Army units for the scheduling of training focuses on the feasibility of simulated annealing, a heuristic approach for solving scheduling problems. Following an executive summary and brief introduction, the document is divided into three sections. First, the Army…

In general, people seem to be poor at noticing analogies, especially when they are required to apply an analogy to a domain that is new. It was suspected that schemas influence the noticing and applying of analogies. Schemas are hypothesized to be abstract propositional structures that emphasize relationships among categories of objects rather…

Research has not clearly determined whether memory development in childhood and adulthood can be accounted for by the age variation of cognitive processes other than memory. To examine this issue, a study was conducted based on a model of structures and processes in complex information processing. Subjects (N=162) were presented with two lists of…