Reviews the significance of independent schools in Scotland, describing the distribution of pupils in independent schools according to region and age groups and showing that the proportion of pupils in these schools is far larger than generally reported. Explores the role of independent schools in educating Scotland's elite. (JHZ)

Focuses on implications for intervention and highlights conceptual and methodological advances in studies establishing a causal link between social behavior and peer status. Studies reviewed investigate social interaction over time, use fine-grained coding systems, employ multiple measures, and videotape behavior in carefully designed analogue…

Data from a longitudinal study are used to examine the role of education as a determinant of labor market entrance in Chile during the 1970s. Finds that the more powerful predictors of occupational attainment were educational variables rather than family social status, and educational quality variables rather than educational attainment or…

Shows how a significant literary question of preindustrial Europe--What causes one person to listen to another?--is still of major importance in a nuclear age. (MM)

Sociological theory and method have been used to develop a theory of complex instruction (CI). CI enables teachers to teach at a high intellectual level while reaching a wide range of students. Teachers work to create equal-status interaction within small groups as students use each other as resources to complete challenging group tasks. The…

A study was conducted to determine women's realization toward the quality of life, identifying their status aspirations. The study's primary purpose was to achieve a better understanding of how undergraduate women of Guam and Japan would aspire to their academic and social goals and how they would become aware of their gender equality. The…

Controversy exists concerning whether or not sex discrimination is the norm in Japan and what will happen with the status of Japanese women. One U.S. scholar was surprised after talking to female students at a Japanese college that only a few of them had a view of their future. It is fair to say that Japanese women are not taught to become…

Analyzes the influence teachers have upon their pupils learning behavior. (RK)

Reviews previous health self-report findings using statistical analysis. Specifies indicators of established correlates in national random sample data. Develops a path analysis model utilizing these variables as causes and consequences of health self-report variations. Findings emphasize the importance of health self-concept to social…

Discusses influence and cooperative efforts of Hawaiian and New England women on the success of the American mission in civilizing, Americanizing, and Christianizing the Hawaiian people (early 1820's). Without missionary women, it is unlikely the mission would have been readily received by Hawaiian women and therefore the Hawaiian men. (Author/JN)

Studied the positions of African and Asian Jews and ethnic Arabs in Israel. Found that (1) ascriptive status functions differently for different groups in the process of socioeconomic atttainment, and (2) the extent of segregation between the dominant and the subordinate groups influences the attainment of the latter. (GC)

Examines effects of a private school education on educational, occupational, and earnings attainments. Using subsamples of respondents who attended private schools only and public schools only, the so-called private school advantage and its function in transmitting background related advantages is analyzed. (Author/DB)

The Tamang of the Kathmandu Valley have an agrarian society with little demand for literacy and schooling, yet they recognize and label mental retardation. The criteria for labeling are based partially upon insufficiency of intelligence and behavioral adaptation but primarily upon speech incompetence. (Author)

Focuses on the daily practices within institutions that shape the professional roles of Chicana scholars and teachers to fulfill specific class, gender, racial, and ethnic expectations held by the dominant majority in higher education. Analysis shows that Chicanas are treated as affirmative action hires and token roles, a view that adversely…

This study developed and examined a multidimensional, interdisciplinary model of social status among 487 fourth- through sixth-grade students. Seven subtypes were identified based on dimensions of likability, perceived popularity, and social dominance (high status, perceived popular/dominant, well-liked/dominant, average, low dominant/unpopular,…