Using the comparative approach, researchers draw inferences about the evolution of cognition. Psychologists have postulated several hypotheses to explain why certain species are cognitively more flexible than others, and these hypotheses assume that certain cognitive skills are linked together to create a generally "smart" species.…

Timely diagnostic feedback is helpful for students and teachers, enabling them to adjust their learning and teaching plans according to a current diagnosis. Motivated by the practical concern that the simultaneity estimation strategy currently adopted by longitudinal learning diagnosis models does not provide timely diagnostic feedback, this study…

In a 2014 issue of "Learning & Memory," Reagh and Yassa proposed that repeated encoding leads to semanticization and loss of perceptual detail in memory. We presented object images one or three times and tested recognition of targets and corresponding similar lures. Correct lure rejections after one in comparison to three exposures…

Purpose: This paper aims to present an interpretation of freehand drawings produced by a sample of final year degree level learners in response to the question--"What is civic engagement"? The aim in using this approach, with final year degree learners from different countries, but pursuing the same degree, was to compare and contrast…

The purpose of this study was to determine if using student recorded PechaKucha™ 20 × 20 presentations as an assignment in an online classroom yielded equivalent student learning compared to a similar written assignment. Twenty-one (15 women and 6 men) online graduate students participated in a mixed-method study using online surveys with a…

The purpose of this comparative case study is to explore the recent use of phenomenological inquiries in music education articles published in five selected journals listed in Thomson Reuters Web of Science between 2012 and 2015. The five music education journals are "The British Journal of Music Education," "Bulletin of the Council…

Research has shown that teachers are able to adapt their processing strategy of student information to situational demands, whereby they flexibly use either an automatic and category-based strategy or a controlled and information-integrating strategy. However, the effect of teachers' accountability for task and the consistency of student…

With the publication of DSM-5, many changes were introduced regarding how Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) would be diagnosed. Changes from DSM-IV-TR were controversial, with many arguing that individuals would lose their diagnosis with the new criteria. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the application of diagnostic criteria…

Indirect comparisons are used to obtain estimates of relative effectiveness between two treatments that have not been compared in the same randomized controlled trial, but have instead been compared against a common comparator in separate trials. Standard indirect comparisons use only aggregate data, under the assumption that there are no…

During the sixteenth century, a relevant number of books related to practical arithmetic were published in Spain. This paper presents a comparative study that aims to identify the object and target of five old mathematics books and the main contents of these books. In order to do so, all the contents and all the examples found in five arithmetic…

Analyzing and interpreting student thinking through written work is a key, often challenging, practice of teaching. It entails noticing students' mathematical thinking and drawing on mathematical knowledge for teaching. This study investigates how pre-service secondary teachers at the beginning of their preparation reason about students' written…

Word forms such as "walked" or "walker" are decomposed into their morphological constituents (walk + -ed/-er) during language comprehension. Yet, the efficiency of morphological decomposition seems to vary for different languages and morphological types, as well as for first and second language speakers. The current study…

The aim of this paper is to approach the teaching of the Poisson distribution in a friendly and amusing way. It constitutes a common practice to adopt the main probability distributions in order to predict results of sport events and to estimate the win return of betting activities (Chalikias 2009). In particular, by using the Poisson…

The observed increase in economic inequality, where the major concern is relative to the huge growth of the highest incomes, motivates to revisit classical measures of inequality and to offer new ways to synthesize the variability of the entire income distribution. The idea is to provide policy makers a way to contrast the economic position of the…

The purpose of this research is to compare serum cotinine cutoffs for nicotine/tobacco exposure and self-reported tobacco use in adolescents. National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2015-18, cotinine levels and tobacco questions were analyzed for frequencies; bivariate and logistic regression analyses. With serum cotinine as the gold standard,…