Presents a problem-solving framework for diagnosis and correction of reading difficulties. Describes this process, examines the parallels between problem solving and diagnosis and correction of reading problems, and applies the process to a case. (SR)

Two experiments involving a total of 40 three and 39 four year olds were undertaken to determine subjects' ability to sort and compare numbers according to magnitude. Results indicate that readiness skills for early childhood mathematics education should include development of appropriate concepts of number magnitude. (TJH)

The author studied whether students' preferences for a particular exam format were a function of past performances. He reviews the literature and reports on administration of a questionnaire to 90 accounting students. Results indicate that students prefer problem-solving exams to multiple choice, regardless of past performances. (CH)

Examples are given of how spontaneous discussions of school and home problems enabled fourth grade children to seek solutions to difficulties in an open and cooperative way. (JD)

The effects of two instructional methods on the questioning strategies of 40 10- to 12-year-old learning disabled children were investigated. Results indicated that both the question formulation instruction and the cognitive modeling/self-verbalization instruction were effective in improving their questioning concerning novel problems. (Author/DB)

The article describes four step-by-step methods to sharpen intuitive capacities for problem-solving and innovation. Visionary and transpersonal knowledge processes are tapped to gain access to relatively deep levels of intuition. The methods are considered useful for overcoming internal blockages or resistance, developing organizational mission…

Investigated the quality of spontaneous play with sticks, nuts, and bolts in 18 children aged 44 months and the effects of this on a subsequent problem whose solution required 2 sticks to be bolted together. Children who discovered the elongation principle during play were better problem solvers than those who had not. (RJC)

Describes California's effort to blend geography and other disciplines in the state's "History-Social Science Framework." Since all history and societal change have been shaped by the dual influences of time and space, the wedding of history and geography is easily supportable by teachers well-versed in these concepts. Includes seven…

The article offers teachers suggestions on ways to instruct elementary students in the vocabulary of mathematics. It gives examples of math difficulties at the elementary school level, math difficulties related to vocabulary, and math difficulties related to problem solving. (DB)

Reviews procedures followed during traditional organizational change and identifies factors that lead to increased intrinsic motivation. Topics discussed include problem solving, level of challenge, competence, people as information processors, curiosity, task complexity, the need for organization, and choice in degree of control. (17 references)…

Recent research suggests that knowledge is stored in the learner's head as a network of concepts or constructs. Children's mathematical problem-solving strategies become increasingly abstract as they are able to engage in more abstract thinking. An experimental study using an alternative Cognitively Guided Instruction approach is described.…

An individual instruction intervention with 13 high school students with learning disabilities improved: (1) metacognitive knowledge related to generating or adapting task-specific strategies, (2) ability to generate problem-solving strategies for novel problems, and (3) students' regular classroom grades. (DB)

A quantitative model of belief revision and causal thinking using circumstantial evidence was assessed, using 36 undergraduate students in three experiments. The model assumes beliefs are revised based on a cascaded reasoning process that combines beliefs about the clue/possible cause relationship and the clue's forward and backward implications.…

Examines cognitivist approaches to writing instruction by focusing on the pedagogy of problem-solving, specifically as presented in Linda Flower's "Problem-Solving Strategies for Writing." Emphasizes the need for a language of discourse which connects rather than excludes students' discourse from academic discourse. (MM)

The author presents a research-based technology curriculum model that improves one's ability to anticipate and solve problems. The model focuses on understanding (1) human values, (2) restraints on technology, (3) resources of technology, (4) elements of technology, (5) outcomes of technology, and (6) controls on technology. (CH)