Part 1 of this evaluation of dietary supplements and health aids (SE 533 788) focused on various therapeutic claims made for vitamins and minerals. This part examines health-promoting claims made for selected macronutrients and fiber. Macronutrients examined include selected proteins, amino acids, enzymes, carbohydrates, and lipids. (JN)

Describes 16 mutagens/carcinogens found in plant food and coffee as well as several anticarcinogens also found in such food. Speculates on relevant biochemical mechanisms, particularly the role of oxygen radicals and their inhibitors in the fat/cancer relationship, promotion, anticarcinogenesis, and aging. (JN)

This longitudinal analysis of the labor market behavior of older males focuses on changes from wage-and-salary to self-employment and changes from working to nonworking status. It was found that the self-employed were significantly more likely to continue work. (Author/SK)

To investigate managerial use of work (or role) overload to increase productivity, the author studied 77 nonclerical white-collar employees and found that work overload had negative effects on productivity, supervisors' ratings, employee attitudes, job satisfaction, and health. He recommends ways for managers and employees to reduce work overload.…

The sciences of nutrition and toxicology require deep methodological reexamination. (JD)

Variation in temporal experience among the aged has been found to be a function of a number of variables. The sociological and phenomenological literature suggest two as being of crucial importance: work and retirement, and health and illness. These were investigated in this study. (Author)

Describes a child-centered approach to physical education for better health, improved concentration, and recreation. Stresses importance of sustained, vigorous activity and suggests activities in the areas of basic movement, perceptual motor skills, creative skills, complex sport-related skills, and basic physical competence. (RH)

The internal consistency and validity of the Diabetes Regimen Responsibility Scale (DRRS) (L. Ruggiero and others, 1991) were examined in a sample of 49 youths. The DRRS demonstrated adequate internal consistency, and most subscales correlated significantly with diabetes knowledge (health education issue). Only two reports correlated with…

Describes urban school districts' efforts to improve student learning by addressing the social, emotional, and physical needs of their students. (PKP)

Surveyed 3,032 U.S. adults to operationalize, estimate the prevalence, and ascertain the epidemiology of complete health. Overall, 19 percent of adults were completely healthy, 18.8 percent were completely unhealthy, and 62.2 percent had a version of incomplete health. Completely healthy adults were likely to be young (age 25-34 years) or old…

Examined effects of aerobics on functioning of 101 older adults. Subjects participated in either aerobics group, yoga group, or waiting list group for 16 weeks. Aerobic and yoga participants perceived positive changes in several significant life areas; perceived improvement was more closely related to objective improvement for physiological…

Asked 40 older adults about God's role in health and illness and about praying in response to physical symptoms. Least-educated respondents and Baptists were most likely to pray about symptoms. Symptoms discussed with physician or for which drugs were taken were more likely to be prayed over, suggesting that prayer and medical help-seeking are not…

Assessed risk factors at intake for treatment of unipolar depression to predict remission status one year later. Each factor considered alone was associated with later remission status; prototypical nonremitted patient was male; aged 40+; had history of prior treatment, intense depression, and serious medical condition; used avoidance coping…

Data from a cross-section, stratified random sample of 500 women aged 15-45 in Nicaragua, were collected; sibling data were collected by interviewing the sister closest in age to the respondent. Random and fixed effects models indicated that women's schooling positively affects their health and nutrient intake. (SK)

Nutrition plays an important role in immunity both among the elderly and among persons with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Appropriate nutritional intake and counseling may improve immune status and enable both prevention and progression of AIDS and the susceptibility of the elderly to infectious diseases. (SK)