This paper reports on a study of the administrative behavior of school principals made through direct observation and a set of unique categories. Study objectives were to describe (1) the sources of principals' problems, (2) the principals' initial reactions to problem stimuli, (3) the patterns of principals' decisionmaking, (4) the premises…

Ways of helping coaches to counsel unemployed adults in the solving of their personal problems are explored in this manual. Originally printed as two separate volumes, this reprinting of the study has bound the two together. Volume I involves a general discussion of life's problems and of the need to solve them. This volume contains four parts.…

This study provides the officials of Tempe, Arizona, with a wide range of baseline information regarding citizen attitudes toward the City. It contains a design for an information system which could increase the breadth of information available for decision-making city officials and increase citizen participation in the process. Sixteen community…

In Businesses, leaders control an array of delegated powers that are valued or required by followers. The present study is concerned with the power holder, and is an examination of factors influencing a supervisor's use of delegated power when attempting to correct subordinate behavior. In a previous study, conducted in a non-union setting, use of…

This manual systematizes the techniques and strategies that employment workers used in Jobs Now, the manpower agency which developed the coaching role that has subsequently been adopted throughout the country. It is designed both for those people with a general interest in staff-client relations and techniques and for those concerned with specific…

A theory that there is a correspondence between Piagetian conservation operations and groups of symmetry transformations, and that these symmetry transformations may be used in explaining human problem solving behaviors, is developed in this paper. Current research in artificial intelligence is briefly reviewed, then details of the symmetry…

The possibility of preparing a set of word problems of a predicted level of difficulty based on six variables (for multiplication, division, recall, conversions, operations, and number of words in the problem statement) and on regression equations developed in previous work was investigated. Four problem sets were used in grades four through six,…

Nine scales were developed to measure a series of classroom behavior variables derived from a factor analytic study of five observation systems. The scales are multipoint check lists which are behaviorally referenced by different amounts and types of classroom behaviors. The scales measure such aspects of classroom behavior as teacher-initiated…

The existence of inductive and deductive learning styles and their effect on mathematics achievement were investigated. On the basis of achievement scores on two tests, 298 eighth grade students were chosen, stratified by sex and previous mathematics achievement, and randomly assigned to one of four instructional sequences. No significant…

This research project investigates the application of principles derived from a conflict theory of decision making (Janis & Mann 1968) to the study of decision making among high school and college students. Three studies were carried out to test derivations from conflict theory. The first study tested the effectiveness of a balance sheet or…

This paper was written in response to an article entitled "Defining the Social Studies: An Explanation of the Three Traditions" by James L. Barth and S. Samuel Shermis. The three positions portray social studies as citizenship transmission; as social science; and as reflective inquiry. These authors favor the latter position, defined as a process…

This project represents the first year of a proposed two-year program to develop FEHR-PRACTICUM (Formative Evaluation and Heuristic Research), a computerized game which simulates experience in a research evaluation assistantship or practicum. In the game teams of from two to five players are given the task of finding the "best" among several…

Utilizing the theme "Man and His Environment," the Octagon Lectures of 1969 were presented at the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia. Problems arising from the imbalance between the ancient forces of nature and the new forces of human culture were dealt with by the lecturers. They revealed that the most important…

This paper discusses the nature of natural and social sciences in order to point out the need for adapting standard logic more appropriately to a design approach. The IDEALS CONCEPT, an acronym for Ideal Design for Effective and Logical Systems, is presented as a move toward a calculus of design methodology with an emphasis on problem orientation…

This paper describes a series of heuristic approaches to helping schools analyze problems by the use of a teletype time-sharing computer terminal. The examples detailed include 1) a Delphi exercise for students; 2) a budgeting model which examines the results of various levels of funding and of changes of relative priorities; 3) a school…