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Aiello, Daniel A.; Jarosz, Andrew F.; Cushen, Patrick J.; Wiley, Jennifer – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
There is a general assumption that a more controlled or more focused attentional state is beneficial for most cognitive tasks. However, there has been a growing realization that creative problem solving tasks, such as the Remote Associates Task (RAT), may benefit from a less controlled solution approach. To test this hypothesis, in a 2x2 design,…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Problem Solving, Creative Thinking, Hypothesis Testing
Dawson, Peg; Guare, Richard – Guilford Publications, 2012
This practical manual presents an evidence-based coaching model for helping students whose academic performance is suffering due to deficits in executive skills, including time and task management, planning, organization, impulse control, and emotional regulation. In just a few minutes a day, coaches can provide crucial support and instruction…
Descriptors: Coaching (Performance), Evidence, Intervention, Executive Function
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Huyder, Vanessa; Nilsen, Elizabeth S. – Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2012
Behaving in a socially competent manner is a complex process that requires the coordination of a number of cognitive skills. The present study examined the unique contributions of executive functions (i.e., inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), theory of mind, and verbal skills to socially competent behaviours during social interactions.…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Preschool Children, Data Analysis, Social Environment
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Whitney, Carin; Kirk, Marie; O'Sullivan, Jamie; Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon; Jefferies, Elizabeth – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
To understand the meanings of words and objects, we need to have knowledge about these items themselves plus executive mechanisms that compute and manipulate semantic information in a task-appropriate way. The neural basis for semantic control remains controversial. Neuroimaging studies have focused on the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus…
Descriptors: Semantics, Patients, Measures (Individuals), Specialization
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Le, Karen; Coelho, Carl; Mozeiko, Jennifer; Krueger, Frank; Grafman, Jordan – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2012
Purpose: This study examined the prediction of performance on measures of the Story Goodness Index (SGI; Le, Coelho, Mozeiko, & Grafman, 2011) from executive function (EF) and memory measures following traumatic brain injury (TBI). It was hypothesized that EF and memory measures would significantly predict SGI outcomes. Method: One hundred…
Descriptors: Head Injuries, Neurological Impairments, Executive Function, Short Term Memory
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Rubio-Fernandez, Paula; Glucksberg, Sam – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
Bilingualism can have widespread cognitive effects. In this article we investigate whether bilingualism might have an effect on adults' abilities to reason about other people's beliefs. In particular, we tested whether bilingual adults might have an advantage over monolingual adults in false-belief reasoning analogous to the advantage that has…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Monolingualism, Bilingualism, Adults
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Vidal, Julie; Mills, Travis; Pang, Elizabeth W.; Taylor, Margot J. – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Inhibition is a core executive function reliant on the frontal lobes that shows protracted maturation through to adulthood. We investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of response inhibition during a visual go/no-go task in 14 teenagers and 14 adults using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and a contrast between two no-go experimental conditions…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Adolescents, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes
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Tamez, Elaine; Myerson, Joel; Hale, Sandra – Intelligence, 2012
According to the cognitive cascade hypothesis, age-related slowing results in decreased working memory, which in turn affects higher-order cognition. Because recent studies show complex associative learning correlates highly with fluid intelligence, the present study examined the role of complex associative learning in cognitive cascade models of…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Associative Learning, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Murray, Catherine; Pattie, Alison; Starr, John M.; Deary, Ian J. – Intelligence, 2012
To test whether cognitive ability predicts survival from age 79 to 89 years data were collected from 543 (230 male) participants who entered the study at a mean age of 79.1 years. Most had taken the Moray House Test of general intelligence (MHT) when aged 11 and 79 years from which, in addition to intelligence measures at these two time points,…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Health Conditions, Older Adults, Memory
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Pedersen, Anya; Wilmsmeier, Andreas; Wiedl, Karl H.; Bauer, Jochen; Kueppers, Kerstin; Koelkebeck, Katja; Kohl, Waldemar; Kugel, Harald; Arolt, Volker; Ohrmann, Patricia – Brain and Cognition, 2012
The remediation of executive function in patients with schizophrenia is important in rehabilitation because these skills affect the patient's capacity to function in the community. There is evidence that instructional techniques can improve deficits in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in some schizophrenia patients. We used a standard…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Schizophrenia, Integrity, Patients
Rosen, Sonia M.; Boyle, Joseph R.; Cariss, Kaitlyn; Forchelli, Gina A. – Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2014
Students with learning disabilities have been reported to have difficulty in a number of different executive function processes that affect their academic performance (Singer & Bashir, 1999). Executive function difficulties for students with learning disabilities have been implicated as the reason why these students struggle with complex…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Executive Function, Learning Disabilities
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Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret; Fine, Jodene Goldenring; Bledsoe, Jesse – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
It has been suggested that children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) or Asperger's Syndrome (AS) may show difficulties with executive functioning. There were 3 groups in this study who completed a neuropsychological battery of visual-spatial, executive functioning, and reasoning tasks; AS (n = 37), NLD (n = 31), and controls…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism
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Allen, T. M.; Hersh, J.; Schoch, K.; Curtiss, K.; Hooper, S. R.; Shashi, V. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2014
Background: Children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) are at risk for social-behavioural and neurocognitive sequelae throughout development. The current study examined the impact of family environmental characteristics on social-behavioural and cognitive outcomes in this paediatric population. Method: Guardians of children with 22q11DS…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Behavior Problems, Child Development, Neurological Impairments
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Wolfe, Christy D.; Zhang, Jing; Kim-Spoon, Jungmeen; Bell, Martha Ann – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2014
Moderate, yet relatively consistent, associations between cognitive performance and shyness have been reported throughout the child and adult literatures. The current study assessed longitudinal associations between cognition (i.e., executive functioning) and parent-report temperamental shyness from infancy to early childhood and used temporal…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Correlation, Shyness, Schemata (Cognition)
Hernández Finch, Maria E.; Speirs Neumeister, Kristie L.; Burney, Virginia H.; Cook, Audra L. – Gifted Child Quarterly, 2014
This study provides baseline data to assist researchers in conducting future studies exploring the developmental trajectories of young gifted learners on measures of cognitive ability and achievement. The study includes common neuropsychological tests associated with preliteracy and the early-reading process as well as markers for inattention and…
Descriptors: Academically Gifted, Kindergarten, Intelligence Quotient, Neuropsychology
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