Little striking difference was found between students choosing psychiatry as a first career choice and those choosing it second or third. Results imply recruiting students in the last two groups for psychiatry specialization may be difficult, based on their attitudes about scientific advancement and social status in the profession. (MSE)

Discusses education of Nisei (first American-born children of Japanese immigrants) in the local Hawaiian public schools, focusing on American public schooling in Hawaii and Hawaiian schooling and (1) economic control; (2) class perpetuation; (3) occupational training; and (4) Americanization. (Author/JN)

Examines the relationship between social class and curriculum organization. It is suggested that the inquiry and critical thinking elements of social studies curricula share a style of social control most extensively attempted in the 1970s open classroom movement. (AM)

Egalitarianism (affirmative action) is seen as a disreputable term in academe because it implies a lowering of standards and an ignoring of differences in human abilities. Meritocracy connotes a privileged elite, who, by virtue of special opportunity and economic advantage, gain power and prestige and perpetuate a system of oppression. (MLW)

Discusses social and economic inequality of Israeli women, despite a political ethic which holds that the sexes are equal. Describes the current women's movement. Explores religious and historical phenomena, including the influx of oriental Jews and ongoing warfare, as factors in perpetuating traditional ideologies of masculinity and femininity.…

Students who became more socially acceptable to their peers cited the increased population and environment of junior high school, physical maturation and reduced parental protectiveness as reasons. Intervention of adults was not mentioned. Counselors should give added attention to the fact that 80 percent retained their original low status. (JAC)

Assessed the cross-cultural perceptions of appropriate and inappropriate behaviors for three sets of role relationships between employers and economically-disadvantaged job trainees. Results suggest that job trainees perceived the role of a superordinate as being more punitive, more deceitful, and less friendly than the employers thought would be…

Argues that the educational problems of librarianship cannot be examined realistically without a concern for knowledge about the social conditions within which libraries exist. The nature of these social realities is discussed, as well as their influence on library education. Extensive references are provided. (Author/BK)

Holds that social violence can best be understood from a perspective of inequality and conflict. Argues against previous theory that views violence by the powerful as normative and violence by the powerless as deviant. Discusses parental violence and differential rates of male and female violence from this new perspective. (GC)

Discusses possibly significant effect of social acceptance and the negligible effects of culture and sex on attitudes of 271 bilingual and monolingual fourth grade students towards occupational groups. Discusses children's early awareness of society's attitudes towards occupations and the probable existence of a reasonably stable hierarchy of…

Reports a study of 5,800 high school students to examine the congruity in the content, organization, and consistency of Blacks' and Whites' racial attitudes. Racial attitudes are most similar among students who perceive themselves as middle class, are average academically, attend racially balanced schools, and are young. (Author/KC)

This paper examines the social context of female deviant behavior. It is held that the fact that women deviate less than men and in privatized and self-destructive forms is consistent with the ideology of the female nature and with women's social position. (MC)

Reports on a study that used 182 entering college freshmen to investigate the relationship between social position and level of study habits, and the prediction of study habits by the addition of two family correlates (birth order and family size) to social position. (RL)

Research on national systems of education helps explain the U.S. pattern of schooling. Three interrelated factors continue to shape the present transformation of U.S. higher education: the centrality of status competition, the lack of centralized political authority over schooling, and the loose connection between education and the economy. (SM)

L. Mann, H. Mitsui, G. Beswick, and R. Harmoni (1994) studied perceptions of interpersonal rules by Japanese and Australian children. This reanalysis of their data uses principal components analysis to show common and culture-specific patterns of interpersonal rules. Social status and social distance were major dimensions of a large cultural…