Suggests it is couples' communication skills and problem-solving strategies, not their specific problems, that differentiate satisfied and dissatisfied couples. Concludes after a study of couples' arguments that adjusted couples are more likely to use effective complaint sequences, whereas maladjusted couples are more likely to employ ineffective…

Omaha, Nebraska's, full-day kindergarten program was designed to allow students to become actively involved with their environment in a child-centered classroom. The program integrated new learning with past experiences, aided by carefully selected materials fostering interaction and problem solving. The district next designed a developmentally…

The triadic model of consultation service delivery for students with ties is expanded to include a problem-solving approach including 11 variables within 3 domains: (1) the people involved, (2) their interactional process, and (3) the implementation of specific procedures. The professional literature is reviewed within each domain. (Author/DB)

Tested conceptual model of context, processes, and outcomes of joint marital decision making of married couples (N=188) which specified spouses' process variables as individual-level measures and partners' consensus as a couple construct. Found context factor of spouses' emotional interdependence influenced both partners' coerciveness and degree…

The paper discusses the degree of generality or specificity adopted in approaches to strategy instruction. The historical context of the generality-specificity dimension is described and related to the strategy instruction literature in special education, and three frameworks for conceptualization of generality-specificity are presented.…

Administrator interns who are limited to "cast-off" duties will be seriously unprepared for their first administrative position. A meaningful internship experience should include responsibilities for supervision, specific projects, leadership, routine decision making and problem solving, and public speaking and public relations. School district…

Discusses the problems of using chronometric analysis, a common cognitive psychological method, for educational assessment. Suggests that cognitive assessment has not reached the precision needed to analyze individual differences. (FMW)

Interrelationships between problem solving and number sense are discussed. Suggestions are given on helping children to search for a solution process and to reject unreasonable answers. The teacher's role in developing number-sense skills with problem-solving tasks is also discussed. (MNS)

Explores the role of premature cognitive closure in the development of inferential reasoning among 62 children aged 7, 9, and 12 years through two studies. Results indicate that despite a strong tendency to close on single alternatives, most children correctly assigned nonzero probabilities to each of the possible alternatives. (RJC)

An inquiry-oriented teacher education program entitled PROBE (Problem-Based Teacher Education) is described. The fundamental concept of PROBE is based on John Dewey's philosophy that learning is rooted in experience and knowledge derives from a process of inquiry. (JD)

The performance of 10 language-learning disabled ninth graders was compared to that of 16 normally achieving ninth graders and 10 normally achieving fourth graders on a modified Piagetian problem solving task sensitive to cognitive changes in early adolescence. Results suggested significant conceptual limitations in the language-learning disabled…

Analyzes the development of the skill of eating with a spoon in 16 infants of 12-23 months. Discusses the acquisition of a tool-using skill in terms of the emergence of strategies for solving particular problems and the consistency and reliability with which they are deployed. (RJC)

Explores the relationship between mathematical concepts and the circumstances of learning as they relate to within-individual variation. Analyzes previous results on mathematical concepts in and out of school in terms of their similarities and differences. (RJC)

A total of 308 undergraduates performed 2 word tasks and a gestalt closure task in a study of intuition. Subjects could respond discriminately to coherence they could not identify and were led by this perception to form a hunch or hypothesis. Clues to coherence evidently activate problem-solving networks. (SLD)

Synectics is a creative problem-solving process carrying participants from problem analysis to the generation and development of new ideas. The system recognizes three types of thinkers: apposite, divergent, and generative. Effective thinking is often limited by maintaining inflexible criteria concerning thinking, insisting on literal meaning,…