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Chuderski, Adam; Taraday, Maciej; Necka, Edward; Smolen, Tomasz – Intelligence, 2012
We examined whether fluid intelligence (Gf) is better predicted by the storage capacity of active memory or by the effectiveness of executive control. In two psychometric studies, we measured storage capacity with three kinds of task which required the maintenance of a visual array, the monitoring of simple relations among perceptually available…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Structural Equation Models, Attention Control, Inhibition
Lam, Yan Grace; Yeung, Siu Sze Susanna – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2012
Despite its prominence, pragmatic characteristic associated with autism is under-explored and thus was not well defined. The present study attempted to depict a relatively comprehensive profile of language pragmatics in children with high-functioning autism (HFA) using the Pragmatic Rating Scale (PRS). Pragmatic behaviors of 26 HFA children were…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Pragmatics
Palermo, Francisco; Mikulski, Ariana M.; Conejo, L. Diego – Early Education and Development, 2017
Research Findings: This study examined the heterogeneity in Spanish-speaking children's (N = 117; M age = 53 months; SD = 5 months; 57% boys) vocabulary and letter-word skills in English and Spanish after one year of preschool and the extent to which early self-regulation abilities (i.e., executive function and effortful control) were associated…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Spanish Speaking, Preschool Children, Vocabulary Development
Wade, Mark; Madigan, Sheri; Plamondon, Andre; Rodrigues, Michelle; Browne, Dillon; Jenkins, Jennifer M. – Developmental Psychology, 2018
Previous studies have demonstrated that various psychosocial risks are associated with poor cognitive functioning in children, and these risks frequently cluster together. In the current longitudinal study, we tested a model in which it was hypothesized that cumulative psychosocial adversity of mothers would have deleterious effects on children's…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Hypothesis Testing, Mothers, Parent Influence
Fuhs, Mary Wagner; Nesbitt, Kimberly Turner; Farran, Dale Clark; Dong, Nianbo – Developmental Psychology, 2014
This study assessed 562 four-year-old children at the beginning and end of their prekindergarten (pre-k) year and followed them to the end of kindergarten. At each time point children were assessed on 6 measures of executive function (EF) and 5 subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson III academic achievement battery. Exploratory factor analyses yielded…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Predictor Variables, Factor Analysis, Literacy
Hua, Olivia; Shore, Bruce M.; Makarova, Evgeniya – Gifted Education International, 2014
A number of characteristics are shared between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and gifted populations. They include issues with sustaining attention, following directions, and completing tasks. When an individual is both gifted and has ADHD (gifted-ADHD) he has unique educational needs that may put him at risk for underachievement.…
Descriptors: Gifted, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Undergraduate Students, Teaching Methods
Fitzpatrick, Caroline – South African Journal of Childhood Education, 2014
Reducing the economic and social burden associated with poor academic achievement represents an urgent concern in South Africa. Increasingly research suggests that child characteristics in kindergarten play an important role in charting courses towards academic success and educational attainment by early adulthood. Although math and reading skills…
Descriptors: Advantaged, Disadvantaged, Achievement Gap, Executive Function
Heyl, Vera; Hintermair, Manfred – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2015
Introduction: In this study, executive function of school-aged children with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) is examined in the context of behavioral problems and communicative competence. Methods: Teachers assessed the executive function of a sample of 226 visually impaired students from mainstream schools and…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Mainstreaming, Special Schools, Executive Function
Laski, Elida V.; Dulaney, Alana – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2015
The present study tested the "interference hypothesis"-that learning and using more advanced representations and strategies requires the inhibition of prior, less advanced ones. Specifically, it examined the relation between inhibitory control and number line estimation performance. Experiment 1 compared the accuracy of adults' (N = 53)…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Learning Processes, Inhibition, Interference (Learning)
Lerner, Claire; Barr, Rachel – ZERO TO THREE, 2015
A robust body of research shows that the most important factor in a child's healthy development is a positive parent-child relationship, characterized by warm, loving interactions in which parents and other caregivers sensitively respond to their child's cues and provide age-appropriate activities that nurture curiosity, exploration, and learning.…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Child Development, Educational Technology
Meltzer, Lynn; Basho, Surina; Reddy, Ranjini; Kurkul, Katelyn – International Journal for Research in Learning Disabilities, 2015
This exploratory study examined the impact of an in-school intervention program that blends peer mentoring with executive function strategy instruction for at-risk learners. More specifically, the study focused on evaluating the effects of the SMARTS Executive Function and Mentoring intervention on students' strategy use, effort, academic…
Descriptors: Mentors, Executive Function, Self Concept, Peer Relationship
Retherford, Kristine S.; Schreiber, Linda R. – Topics in Language Disorders, 2015
Camp Campus is a 1-week campus experience for juniors or seniors in high school or high school graduates who are diagnosed with high-functioning autism, Asperger syndrome, or a related social communication disorder and who plan to attend college. Participants experience campus life by partaking of campus services, living and dining on campus,…
Descriptors: College Preparation, High School Students, High School Graduates, College Bound Students
Bindman, Samantha W.; Pomerantz, Eva M.; Roisman, Glenn I. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2015
This study evaluated whether the positive association between early autonomy-supportive parenting and children's subsequent achievement is mediated by children's executive functions. Using observations of mothers' parenting from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Correlation, Personal Autonomy, Academic Achievement
Denham, Susanne A.; Bassett, Hideko H.; Sirotkin, Yana S.; Brown, Chavaughn; Morris, Carol S. – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2015
The goals of this study were to evaluate (1) how specific aspects of executive control, briefly assessed, predict social competence and classroom adjustment during preschool and (2) differences between two aspects of executive control, according to child's age, socioeconomic risk status, and gender. The facets of executive control were defined as…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Executive Function, Interpersonal Competence, Classroom Environment
St. Clair-Thompson, Helen L. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
Previous research has suggested that working memory difficulties play an integral role in children's underachievement at school. However, working memory is just one of several executive functions. The extent to which problems in working memory extend to other executive functions is not well understood. In the current study 38 children with a poor…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Child Behavior, Children