The four-step method of problem solving is described: read the problem, represent or diagram, set up the calculations and compute, and write the answer. Other problem-solving tips are also included. (MNS)

Presents and analyzes data on the arithmetic procedures people use when shopping for groceries in American supermarkets. Reports that the way shoppers solve problems is closely related to the way they formulate problems: supermarket arithmetic does not begin with a well-defined problem that calls for a specific numerical answer. (KH)

Explores how physicians and educators handle referrals. A content analysis of interview responses shows (1) the extent of agreement on grounds for referral and causes of disagreement, (2) how practitioners handle disagreements, and (3) how clients deal with transitions during referral. (Author/CT)

To make the distinction between nursing and medicine clear and to communicate the right message to clients, the authors say nursing must sharpen its focus on health, rather than concentrate on disease and problem solving. (CT)

Since LOGO was introduced at a 1981 National Council of Teachers of Mathematics conference, this computer language has spread through the schools and spawned Young People's LOGO Association groups throughout the United States and Canada. Teaching LOGO like other languages might alienate youngsters already at home with computer technology. (MLH)

A classroom technique for second language writing instruction is described that combines encouragement for writing with error awareness and correction skills, active composition problem-solving, and peer correction. (MSE)

Describes a computer program used in an experiment in which the partial molal volumes of sodium chloride solutions are calculated as a function of concentration from densities measured with a pycnometer. The complete program listing (also available from the author on disk) and a sample run are included. (JN)

Examined the preferences of school psychologists and school staff for reports varied in respect to organization as reflected in expert versus novice problem-solving strategies. The results indicate a preference across all professional groups for the traditionally organized school psychological report. (Author/BL)

Describes a dynamic construct that classifies societies according to their dominant method of resolving conflict in the area of libel on a continuum from self-help to mediation, with criminal and civil law remedies between. (DF)

Computer graphics are used to display the sum of the first few terms of the series solution for the problem of the vibrating string frequently discussed in introductory courses on differential equations. (MNS)

Compared problem-solving therapy (PST); problem-focused therapy; and wait-list control for treatment of depression. Results indicated that PST subjects reported a significant decrease in their depression, which was also found to covary with concurrent increases in problem-solving effectiveness and the adoption of an internal locus of control…

Used a standardized simulation to identify problem-solving styles in mental health treatment planning tasks. Experienced counselors (N=34) and trainees (N=34) examined case files and wrote summaries and treatment plans for each case. Results showed problem-solving similarities for the outpatient case but differences for the inpatient case. (BH)

Discusses the development and nature of computer software for intelligent systems, indicating that the key to intelligent problem-solving lies in reducing the random search for solutions. Formal reasoning methods, expert systems, and sources of power in problem-solving are among the areas considered. Specific examples of such software are…

Two mathematical topics are interpreted from the viewpoints of traditional (performing algorithms) and contemporary (creating algorithms and thinking in terms of them for solving problems and developing theory) algorithmic mathematics. The two topics are Horner's method for evaluating polynomials and Gauss's method for solving systems of linear…

Describes the use of a problem-solving approach to assist special needs students in conceptualizing safety rules so that safety rule use will be applied in the vocational shop environment. (JOW)