Contends that middle- and upper-income youth may indirectly be the beneficiaries of social systems that are based on policies of injustice for the sake of profit or power. Suggests using an approach that helps such young people see that the establishment of social justice is beneficial to them as well as to the victims of injustice. (CFR)

Examined communication strategies that 68 preschoolers used to negotiate themes and roles in social pretend play. A major finding was that children in the disliked group used higher proportions of suggestions and demands than did children in the liked and low-impact groups. Disliked girls used the highest proportion of suggestions. (LB)

Working class and upper-middle class mothers were videotaped interacting with their toddlers in four settings. Samples of the mothers' adult-directed speech were also collected. Observed were social class differences in the mothers' child-directed speech and some parallel differences in the mothers' adult-directed speech. This may reflect more…

Affiliation patterns of 19 emotionally disturbed children (ages 10-13) in a residential school were analyzed. Results indicated that robust peer clusters could be identified, within-classroom clusters were relatively stable over time, and considerable overlap occurred between findings of social network analyses and applied sociometric techniques.…

Asserts that the expected consequences of ability test results can constrain performance. Predicts that status processes, including status differences and differences in resulting rewards and costs, will produce differences in ability test scores between high-status and low-status individuals. Finds expected performance differences between test…

Describes software designers' actions affecting identity performance in computer-mediated communications, particularly within graphical multiuser virtual environments, based on ethnographic research. Discusses how those actions interact with larger social contexts of dominance based on race, class, and gender, as well as designers' understanding…

Examines Chinese adolescents' rankings of peer social status and differences between United States and Chinese adolescents in predictors of social success, to challenge the dominance hierarchy model of peer relations being based on physical traits. A total of 111 Beijing students were ranked by 300 classmates on measures of social status. Findings…

Presents the results from a survey that was used to study problems of college student life such as material situation, level of professional and social self-determination, political involvement, leisure time, and relationships with various student organizations. Targeted students in their third year of study. (CMK)

Sports participation can help young people appreciate health, exercise, and fitness; learn about themselves and handling adversity; and experience teamwork and sportsmanship. The key to a good high-school sports program is not winning, but student improvement. Athletic participation and achievement should not determine kids' social status. (MLH)

Investigated Dominican-American high school students' accounts of their ethnic/racial identities and explanations of race. Interview and observation data reveal significant divergences between their ethnic/racial categorization system and dominant, traditionally accepted U.S. systems. Unlike non-Hispanic, African descent, second-generation…

This study is an examination of relationships among family background, family and school learning environments, goal orientations, and students' interest in music. Data were collected from 18-year-old black South African students, 340 women and 285 men, whose main language was IsiXhosa. Findings indicated that when family background was defined…

Because of their relatively temporary group memberships, age groups represent an intriguing test of theories of intergroup relations. In spite of this unique feature, virtually no research has examined age group relations from an intergroup perspective. The present study investigated the role of two influential intergroup factors, degree of group…

Writings on "the female" under the Third Republic in France provide evidence of the profound changes taking place in the social representation of femininity and masculinity during the period. They correspond to dramatic changes in the socio-economic context in parallel with those in the scientific models being used to describe human…

The present study compared the behavioral correlates of sociometric popularity status and consensual popularity status among a large group of children (N = 778) in their first year of secondary school. By means of self-report and classmates' nomination procedures, the relative contribution of the two types of popularity to peer role strain and…

Three studies tested a self-categorization theory explanation for the third-person effect. In Study 1 (N = 49) undergraduate students judged the influence of the "National Enquirer," "Wall Street Journal," and TV show "Friends" on themselves, relative to low- and high-status outgroup members, and other undergraduate students. The profile of first-…