The purposes of the study were: (1) to define the campus Ombudsman; (2) to review the circumstances leading to his appearance on the academic scene, (3) to describe his activities, and (4) to analyze the effects of his activities. Campus Ombudsmen were interviewed at six institutions including: the University of California at Berkeley, Columbia…

This manual provides a set of tasks for use in the microteaching context of a Teaching Laboratory to be used in teaching pupils an approach to problem solving. The introduction describes the contents and functioning of the Teaching Laboratory and the way in which the manual should be used. Details of five lessons are then given. The first lesson…

The series "Soviet Studies in the Psychology of Learning and Teaching Mathematics" is a collection of translations from the Soviet Literature of the past twenty-five years on research in the psychology of mathematical instruction. Also included are works on methods of teaching mathematics directly influenced by this research. The aim of…

Study time for a large frame and a small frame type of program explanation in maneuvering solutions was compared using two equated, pretested groups of enlisted men in a basic Combat Information Center (CIC) techniques course and two equated groups assigned to basic electricity and electronics training. It was found that, by using pretesting, as…

This bulletin gives an overview of research studies which pertain to the verbal problem-solving ability of elementary school children. Studies included relate directly to the following questions: (1) What factors are related to problem solving ability? (2) What are the characteristics of good problem solvers? (3) How important is reading to…

Although critical thinking is a pervasive educational objective, it remains inconsistently and imperfectly defined. The present paper attempts to sort out direct attempts at defining critical thinking. Such definitions are classified as representing one of three differing points of view: critical thinking as evaluation, critical thinking as…

It is suggested that because of the tendency of psychologists to characterize behavioral phenomena in distinctive ways, it is frequently difficult to determine if the same label is being used to refer to the same phenomenon by different investigators. One strategy to overcome this problem is to determine if similar conclusions are reached when the…

Although research on creativity has had virtually no impact on higher education except in rare instances, the chances are good that this will change in the 1970s. Creativity research has had an increasingly greater effect on pre-primary, primary and secondary education, and more and more students are prepared to do such research when they enter…

High school principals have been identified as very busy executives in charge of complex organizations. In spite of their lack of time there does appear to be sufficient justification for principals to become involved in growth and development inservice programs if they are to continue to function as effective administrators. This speech describes…

A group of children were presented with several tasks, including the invention of a sleep machine and a machine to weigh elephants. The tasks were chosen to involve the children in coping with problems of a distinct character. A study of the children's drawings and interpretations shows that children's thinking ability is not very different from…

A study on the transportability of computer courseware was presented to the Association for the Development of Computer-based Instructional Systems (ADCIS) at their August 1974 meeting. This study addressed the area of minor incompatibility that can cause transportability of customized Coursewriter software at individual sites to become difficult.…

In light of the new demands being made on higher education in the seventies, a six-step systematic change strategy is presented to implement needed reforms in educational institutions. The approach requires (a) recognition of an existing problems; (b) establishment of well-defined, assessible goals and objectives; (c) identification of constraints…

The effects of instructional variables and individual differences upon structural learning tasks were studied. Eighty college students were given pretasks to test mathematical problem solving and paired-associate (PA) learning skills. Each subject was then given two PA learning tasks presented in a study-test format. Kinship terms served as…

Tools for Change, a new course in problem-solving, consists of a series of units, each dealing with a subject area based on a set of heuristic processes or strategies. It assumes that: 1) there is an identifiable and useful set of heuristic processes in problem-solving; ) a language of process will improve communication between problem-solvers; 3)…

The series is a collection of translations from the Soviet literature of the past 25 years on research in the psychology of mathematical instruction and the related methods of teaching mathematics. The aim of the series is to acquaint educators and teachers with directions, ideas, and accomplishments in the psychology of mathematical instruction…