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Chapple, Christine; Kinsella, William – Educational Psychology in Practice, 2019
West Syndrome is a severe, early-onset epilepsy syndrome, with significant implications for subsequent neurological and cognitive development. While most children with a prior diagnosis of West Syndrome initially follow a normal developmental trajectory, there is evidence of subsequent emergence of clusters of difficulties, including autism…
Descriptors: Epilepsy, Case Studies, Autism, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
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Lawson, Gwendolyn M.; Duda, Jeffrey T.; Avants, Brian B.; Wu, Jue; Farah, Martha J. – Developmental Science, 2013
Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) predicts executive function performance and measures of prefrontal cortical function, but little is known about its anatomical correlates. Structural MRI and demographic data from a sample of 283 healthy children from the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development were used to investigate the relationship…
Descriptors: Correlation, Socioeconomic Status, Prediction, Executive Function
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Wittke, Kacie; Spaulding, Tammie J.; Schechtman, Calli J. – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2013
Purpose: The current study used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function--Preschool Version (BRIEF-P; Gioia, Espy, & Isquith, 2003), a rating scale designed to investigate executive behaviors in everyday activities, to examine the executive functioning of preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) relative to their…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Language Impairments, Executive Function, Child Development
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Leve, Leslie D.; DeGarmo, David S.; Bridgett, David J.; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Harold, Gordon T.; Natsuaki, Misaki N.; Reiss, David – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Poor executive functioning has been implicated in children's concurrent and future behavioral difficulties, making work aimed at understanding processes related to the development of early executive function (EF) critical for models of developmental psychopathology. Deficits in EF have been associated with adverse prenatal experiences, genetic…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Adoption, Genetics, Executive Function
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Schoemaker, Kim; Mulder, Hanna; Dekovic, Maja; Matthys, Walter – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2013
Deficits in executive functions (EF) have been found in school-age children and adolescents with externalizing behavior disorders. Present meta-analysis was carried out to determine whether these EF impairments can also be found in preschool children with externalizing behavior problems. Twenty-two studies were included with a total of 4021…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Problems, Inhibition, Preschool Children
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Nesbitt, Kimberly Turner; Farran, Dale Clark; Fuhs, Mary Wagner – Developmental Psychology, 2015
Although research suggests associations between children's executive function skills and their academic achievement, the specific mechanisms that may help explain these associations in early childhood are unclear. This study examined whether children's (N = 1,103; M age = 54.5 months) executive function skills at the beginning of prekindergarten…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Academic Achievement, Achievement Gains, Preschool Education
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Swanson, H. Lee; Fung, Wenson – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
This study determined the working memory (WM) components (executive, phonological short-term memory [STM], and visual-spatial sketchpad) that best predicted mathematical word problem-solving accuracy in elementary schoolchildren (N = 392). The battery of tests administered to assess mediators between WM and problem-solving included measures of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Problem Solving, Accuracy, Phonology
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Agoston, Anna M.; Rudolph, Karen D. – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2016
Exposure to peer stress contributes to adolescent depression, yet not all youth experience these effects. Thus, it is important to identify individual differences that shape the consequences of peer stress. This research investigated the interactive contribution of cumulative peer stress during childhood (second-fifth grades) and executive…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Executive Function, Depression (Psychology), Questionnaires
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Strouse, Gabrielle A.; Ganea, Patricia A. – Early Education and Development, 2016
Research Findings: Prior research indicates that shared book reading is an effective method for teaching biological concepts to young children. Adult questioning during reading enhances children's comprehension. We investigated whether adult prompting during the reading of an electronic book enhanced children's understanding of a biological…
Descriptors: Books, Electronic Publishing, Teaching Methods, Preschool Children
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Samuels, William Ellery; Tournaki, Nelly; Blackman, Sheldon; Zilinski, Christopher – Journal of Educational Research, 2016
Executive functioning (EF) is a strong predictor of children's and adolescents' academic performance. Although research indicates that EF can increase during childhood and adolescence, few studies have tracked the effect of EF on academic performance throughout the middle school grades. EF was measured at the end of Grades 6-9 through 21 teachers'…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Academic Achievement, Longitudinal Studies, Middle School Students
Reed, Stacey L. E. – ProQuest LLC, 2016
Executive function (EF) is becoming a more widely used term to explain student behaviors, yet research on EF in education is limited. This qualitative study addressed a gap in literature by examining teacher perceptions of students with EF deficits, as well as teacher preparedness and desire to learn more about EF. Perceptions of third grade,…
Descriptors: Qualitative Research, Case Studies, Executive Function, Teacher Attitudes
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Carmichael, Jessica A.; Fraccaro, Rebecca L.; Miller, Daniel C.; Maricle, Denise E. – Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2014
Reading, writing, and math are academic skills involving a number of different executive functions, particularly working memory. Children with specific learning disabilities (SLD) may present myriad academic difficulties, depending on their specific area(s) of processing weakness. is study examined differences in academic achievement and working…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Memory, Learning Disabilities, Executive Function
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Kubas, Hanna A.; Schmid, Amy D.; Drefs, Michelle A.; Poole, Jennifer M.; Holland, Sara; Fiorello, Catherine A. – Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2014
Children with math disabilities (MD) represent a heterogeneous group and often display deficits in one or more cognitive domains. Math proficiency requires a number of different cognitive processes, including quantitative knowledge, working memory, processing speed, fluid reasoning, and executive functions. Assessment practices that do not address…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Achievement, Learning Disabilities
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Curtis, Laurie; Fallin, Jana – Music Educators Journal, 2014
An expanding body of evidence based on cognitive neuroscience provides music teachers with information about the interaction of music instruction and brain development. This information is foundational for those interested in the biology of teaching in addition to the curriculum taught. Pedagogy can be grounded in research-based insights on how…
Descriptors: Success, Neuropsychology, Music, Music Education
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Klusek, J.; Martin, G. E.; Losh, M. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2014
Background: Prior research suggests that 60-74% of males and 16-45% of females with fragile X syndrome (FXS) meet criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in research settings. However, relatively little is known about the rates of clinical diagnoses in FXS and whether such diagnoses are consistent with those performed in a research setting…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis
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