Argues that knowing the temperamental differences of young children can assist classroom teachers in being more responsive to children's various needs and in providing developmentally appropriate classrooms. Recommends ways to adapt the classroom environment for many interaction and learning styles. (MM)

Study examined the psychodynamic pathways and social processes which place children of alcoholics at risk. Assessments of 63 adolescents in families with at least 1 alcoholic parent were compared to a control group taken from non-alcoholic families. Differences were found in anxiety variables, self-image variables, and aggression variables. (RJM)

Presents a study extending a model of leadership response based on attribution theories to include measures of locus of control and situational control. Describes a procedure by which subjects responded to descriptions of subordinate performance. Concludes that supervisors with an external locus of control were less sensitive to subordinate…

Sixty-nine female college students report more depressive symptoms and more maladaptive attributional styles than 64 male college students as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory and the Expanded Attributional Style Questionnaire. A study involving 77 male and 95 female college students' responses to the Selves Questionnaire supports these…

Studies whether people from different cultures form different trait impressions based on identical vocal qualities, and whether cross-cultural experience influences trait impressions. Results for 48 Korean undergraduates in Korea and 32 U.S. undergraduates and 32 Korean graduate students in Boston (Massachusetts) highlight theories of ecological…

Discussion of interactive classroom technology systems highlights experiments with a new interactive system called RESPONDEX which was used for both course delivery and diagnostic data collection. Studies included class break duration; truthfulness in response to sensitive questions; course design monitoring; and personality and learning style…

Addresses central questions of whether parents' perceptions of children's temperament, as assessed with the Colorado Children's Temperament Inventory, predict children's behavioral adjustment in preschool and whether parents and teachers tend to rate children similarly on various aspects of temperament. (Author/BB)

Reviews research related to the problem of disadvantaged children. Finds situational, geographical, and familial continuities mentioned along with factors of socioeconomic class and maternal disadvantaged biology. Observes studies show that many of the disadvantaged are able to overcome early difficulties. Concentrates on protective cultural…

Sixty-seven female elementary education preservice teachers participated in a cognitive self-instructional procedure aimed at eliminating or reducing negative emotions related to student teaching by altering their self-talk. The training program significantly reduced subjects' anxiety about teaching. (SLD)

A survey of 555 second-year medical students from 7 schools found academic stress related to general satisfaction with life, gender, physical activity, alcohol use, sleep patterns, and recent losses and misfortunes. Personal stress was related to general satisfaction with life, gender, drug use, sensation-seeking sports, and recent losses and…

Compares personality characteristics of 20 Israeli career women in a Kibbutz with those of 20 Kibbutz women without careers (no education beyond high school). Compared to non-career women, career women attribute more instrumental characteristics to themselves, are more independent and emotionally stable, and have a higher need for achievement and…

French-Canadian high school students (n=558) participated in study of relationship between suicidal ideation and selected personality variables, stress, and social support. Results indicated that suicidal ideation was positively related to depression, negative stress, and drug and alcohol use and negatively related to self-esteem, satisfaction…

Investigated parenting as a protective process for school success in African-American 6- to 11-year olds from homeless families. Found that close parent/child relationships and high parent involvement in the child's education were associated with academic achievement and positive school behavior. Parent intellectual functioning, educational level,…

Examined relative roles of aggression and other dysregulated behaviors in predicting adolescent peer problems and antisocial behavior. Found that aggression and withdrawal were stable and linked to peer difficulties in elementary school and adolescence, but indicated significant risk for adolescent rejection, victimization, and antisocial activity…

A study examined early indicators of school adjustment and conduct problems, comparing the risk and resiliency characteristics of Latino elementary students who were typical (n=66), at-risk (n=77), had learning disabilities (n=18), and speech impairments (n=8). At-risk students showed lower grades, fewer study and social skills, and more problem…