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Coelho, Carl; Le, Karen; Mozeiko, Jennifer; Hamilton, Mark; Tyler, Elizabeth; Krueger, Frank; Grafman, Jordan – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2013
Purpose: Discourse analyses have demonstrated utility for delineating subtle communication deficits following closed head injuries (CHIs). The present investigation examined the discourse performance of a large group of individuals with penetrating head injury (PHI). Performance was also compared across 6 subgroups of PHI based on lesion locale. A…
Descriptors: Head Injuries, Neurological Impairments, Language Impairments, Veterans
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Montgomery, Janine M.; Stoesz, Brenda M.; McCrimmon, Adam W. – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2013
Social difficulties are frequently cited as a core deficit of individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS). This deficit is particularly evident when processing of emotional information is required in social situations. Deficits in theory of mind and executive functions are the two explanatory hypotheses for social deficits in AS that are predominant…
Descriptors: Emotional Intelligence, Asperger Syndrome, Theory of Mind, Young Adults
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van Rijn, Sophie; de Sonneville, Leo; Lahuis, Bertine; Pieterse, Jolijn; van Engeland, Herman; Swaab, Hanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
A proportion of children within the autism spectrum is at risk for severe deregulation of thought, emotion and behaviour resulting in (symptoms of) psychotic disorders over the course of development. In an attempt to identify this subgroup, children with PDD-NOS, subtype MCDD (n = 24) were compared to children with PDD-NOS (n = 23) on executive…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Executive Function, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism
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Qian, Ying; Shuai, Lan; Chan, Raymond C. K.; Qian, Qiu-Jin; Wang, Yufeng – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
This study examined the developmental trajectories of executive function (EF) of children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Han Chinese. Five hundred and fifteen children and adolescents with ADHD and 249 healthy controls took part in this study. All of them were administered four EF tests capturing…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Adolescents, Inhibition, Executive Function
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Neuenschwander, Regula; Cimeli, Patrizia; Rothlisberger, Marianne; Roebers, Claudia M. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2013
Unique contributions of Big Five personality factors to academic performance in young elementary school children were explored. Extraversion and Openness (labeled "Culture" in our study) uniquely contributed to academic performance, over and above the contribution of executive functions in first and second grade children (N = 446). Well…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Elementary School Students, Academic Achievement, Executive Function
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Collins, Anne G. E.; Frank, Michael J. – Psychological Review, 2013
Learning and executive functions such as task-switching share common neural substrates, notably prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Understanding how they interact requires studying how cognitive control facilitates learning but also how learning provides the (potentially hidden) structure, such as abstract rules or task-sets, needed for…
Descriptors: Learning, Executive Function, Models, Bayesian Statistics
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Ursache, Alexandra; Blair, Clancy; Stifter, Cynthia; Voegtline, Kristin – Developmental Psychology, 2013
The relation of observed emotional reactivity and regulation in infancy to executive function in early childhood was examined in a prospective longitudinal sample of 1,292 children from predominantly low-income and rural communities. Children participated in a fear eliciting task at ages 7, 15, and 24 months and completed an executive function…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Rural Areas, Executive Function, Infants
Li, Sensen – ProQuest LLC, 2013
This study introduces an innovative instructional method, called "pseudo peer diagram" (PPD), where students employ executive skills to compare and contrast their work with others' as a formative feedback mechanism. The focus of this study is how students compare and contrast their own diagrams with the pseudo peer diagrams as a stimulus…
Descriptors: Formative Evaluation, Teaching Methods, Comparative Analysis, Undergraduate Students
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Tarlowski, Andrzej; Wodniecka, Zofia; Marzecova, Anna – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2013
The language switching task has provided a useful insight into how bilinguals produce language. So far, however, the studies using this method have been limited to lexical access. The present study provides empirical evidence on language switching in the production of simple grammar structures. In the reported experiment, Polish-English unbalanced…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Psycholinguistics, Native Language
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Greenberg, Anastasia; Bellana, Buddhika; Bialystok, Ellen – Cognitive Development, 2013
Monolingual and bilingual 8-year-olds performed a computerized spatial perspective-taking task. Children were asked to decide how an observer saw a four-block array from one of three different positions (90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees counter-clockwise from the child's position) by selecting one of four responses--the correct response,…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Monolingualism, Children, Executive Function
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Burgess, Gregory C.; Gray, Jeremy R.; Conway, Andrew R. A.; Braver, Todd S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2011
Fluid intelligence (gF) and working memory (WM) span predict success in demanding cognitive situations. Recent studies show that much of the variance in gF and WM span is shared, suggesting common neural mechanisms. This study provides a direct investigation of the degree to which shared variance in gF and WM span can be explained by neural…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Short Term Memory, Brain, Executive Function
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Watts, Tyler W.; Duncan, Greg J.; Chen, Meichu; Claessens, Amy; Davis-Kean, Pamela E.; Duckworth, Kathryn; Engel, Mimi; Siegler, Robert; Susperreguy, Maria I. – Child Development, 2015
Despite research demonstrating a strong association between early and later mathematics achievement, few studies have investigated mediators of this association. Using longitudinal data (n = 1,362), this study tested the extent to which mathematics self-concepts, school placement, executive functioning, and proficiency in fractions and division…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Longitudinal Studies, Self Concept, Mathematics Skills
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Liu, Ru-De; Ding, Yi; Gao, Bing-Cheng; Zhang, Dake – Journal of Experimental Education, 2015
This study aimed to examine the relations among property strategies, working memory, and multiplication tasks with 101 Chinese fourth-grade students. Two multiplication property strategies (associative and distributive) were compared with no strategy and demonstrated differentiated effects on students' accuracy and reaction time. Associative…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Mathematics, Grade 4, Short Term Memory
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Stelnicki, Andrea M.; Nordstokke, David W.; Saklofske, Donald H. – Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 2015
A number of factors have been identified in the research literature as being important for student success in university. However, the rather large body of literature contains few studies that have given students the opportunity to directly report what they believe contributes to their success as an undergraduate student. The primary purpose of…
Descriptors: Success, College Students, Student Characteristics, Performance Factors
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Ramsay, Judith; Terras, Melody M. – E-Learning and Digital Media, 2015
The use of technology to support learning is well recognised. One generation ago a major strand of human--computer interaction research focussed on the development of forms of instruction in how to interact with computers. Today, however, the advanced usability of modern technologies has all but removed the presence of many user manuals. Learners,…
Descriptors: Technology Uses in Education, Educational Technology, Interaction, Metacognition
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