Debate regarding the teaching of reading as skills versus reading as securing ideas has been in evidence for some time. The "measurably stated objectives" philosophy emphasizes that the act of reading should be divided into specific skills in which the inherent component parts are identified and a highly detailed list of precise objectives are…

This digest summarizes available information on the importance of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) prevention education efforts for students with disabilities. The digest notes these students' increased risk of HIV infection due to their lack of knowledge, misinformation, poor social skills, low self-esteem, poor judgement, and tendency to let…

The personal experience of an English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instructor is recounted in this discussion of how to teach non- or limited-English speaking students. With only 18 hours of ESL training, the instructor began teaching her first ESL students. The immediacy of feedback was recognized as a great advantage. Characteristics of effective…

"OATYC Journal," which is published by the Ohio Association of Two-Year Colleges, is designed as a forum for the exchange of concepts, methods, and findings relevant to the two-year college classroom. Along with commentaries and letters of reaction from the readership, the two issues of volume I contain the following major articles: (1)…

State assessment directors and State science supervisors discussed alternative methods for assessing student learning in science at a conference. The conference had two objectives: (1) to increase the knowledge of state science supervisors and assessment directors of recent experience at international, national, and state levels with alternative…

This essay discusses singing as a method of learning cultural values and the types of songs sung in a midwestern one-room country school in the 1930s. Singing and memorized poetry were major mediums for education in values. School children learned many songs with themes of patriotism and citizenship, such as "The Star Spangled Banner,""America the…

The merging of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Involvement Theory into a managerial philosophy can assist student affairs professionals with an approach for conducting work that improves student affairs practice. When merged or integrated, accountability can easily be obtained because the base philosophies of qualitative research, TQM, and…

This paper reviews the assessment process as it exists today in the New York City Adult Literacy Initiative (NYCALI), and explores a few changes in direction and in practice currently underway. It highlights the national context of concern surrounding literacy assessment, and summarizes the debate over standardized testing and other forms of…

This bulletin provides a context for and an overview of cooperative learning addressing concerns and answering questions teachers, supervisors, and parents may have about this group approach to teaching and learning in the social studies. The intention was to help social studies educators construct a sound conceptual foundation for cooperative…

Noting the persistent tendency to polarize questions of reading instruction into diametrically opposed or simplified positions, this book (developed in the United Kingdom) is a teacher's guide to learning to read. The first part of the book surveys what is known about reading, in chapters corresponding to the four major partners in the reading…

Findings of an exploratory qualitative study of personality characteristics observed to exist among a sample of new "advertising creatives" are presented in this paper. Subjects, 13 copywriters and art directors participating in a training program at an advertising agency with global billings of $4 billion, were interviewed in depth…

Students in an advertising research course at a large southern university were assigned to teams for a semester project and developed an instrument to evaluate their peers in the group. Students identified approximately 30 characteristics of working as a member of a team and later honed down the list to 14 individual characteristics. An overall…

Sexual harassment has proven to be a difficult topic for men and women to discuss openly. The articulation of such experience cannot occur unless both can communicate about the nature of differences and the constraints of culture; men and women must forgo the assumption that they are speaking from the same situated experience. Although several…

This monograph on quality in early childhood programs contains two parts: an exploratory essay on the subject and an annotated bibliography selected from a search of the ERIC data base from 1985 through April 1993. The essay examines five perspectives on assessing the quality of early childhood programs. A top-down perspective on quality…

In 1990, the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development convened a Task Force to guide the work on a new Project on Youth Development and Community Programs. The major goals of this project are to expand the scope and availability of developmentally appropriate, community-based services for young adolescents, particularly those in high-risk…