Determined (1) how student attitudes toward science change as a consequence of changes in learning environment across time and (2) extent to which student attitudes are associated with student characteristics and their learning environment. Indicates students enjoy science at elementary and secondary levels with no sharp dropoff in student…

Examines the French national character as revealed through "ethos studies," social science studies, and lexicographic references. French attitudes toward Americans are also presented. (Author/AM)

Investigates ego development in 32 lower-class and lower-middle class Black students at the sixth and twelfth grade levels. Ego development was measured by the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (WU-SCT). (Author/SS)

Provides data to further support the notions that females score higher in self-actualization measures and that self-actualization scores correlate inversely to the degree of undesirability individuals assign to their heights and weights. Finds that, contrary to predictions, greater androgyny was related to lower, not higher, self-actualization…

Canadian seventh-graders were given intelligence, mathematics, and English tests. These scores and their class grades were compared with personality questionnaire measures of aggression, self-concept, and attitudes. Substantial correlations were obtained between the ability and personality variables, with marked sex differences. (Author/SJL)

Presents five studies on the relationship between Myers-Briggs Type Indicator personality types and performance in a total enterprise simulation. Subjects were business students at a Midwestern university. Findings indicated no statistically supportable relationships and differed from previous research, possibly due to differences in population,…

Two studies examined whether the relationship between the belief in a just world (BJW) and psychological well-being would benefit by distinguishing between the just world for self, for others, and in general. When various measures of the construct were examined jointly, only the BJW for self emerged as the most powerful and consistent predictor of…

This study examined factors related to authoritarian and authoritative parenting practices among 463 Chinese mothers with preschoolers in Taiwan. Questionnaire findings suggested that maternal depression, child temperament, and degree of parenting daily hassles might have cross-culturally universal influence on parenting practices. Chinese…

Followed from infancy to age 7 internationally adopted children placed before 6 months. Found that girls were better adjusted than boys, except in cognitive development, and that easy temperament related to higher levels of social, cognitive, and personality development and fewer behavior problems. Attachment security and maternal sensitivity…

High- and low-achieving Mexican American students were selected from a database that included 2,169 Mexican American students in three California high schools. A sense of belonging to school was the only significant predictor of student grades, but family and peer support and certain cultural influences also contributed to resilient outcomes.…

Presents the findings of a study that examined the personal characteristics contributing to the postsecondary academic success of students with learning disabilities. Results, based on interviews of directors of learning disability support services, reveal that successful students are motivated toward realistic goals, are academically prepared,…

Reviews the resilience of children and youth who thrive in spite of challenging circumstances and develop into healthy adults. Strategies to enhance individual, family, school, and community protective factors are highlighted. (GR)

Identified resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality types among 7-year-old children. Found that resilient children, throughout adolescence, had higher academic achievement and fewer concentration problems and they more quickly developed a sophisticated understanding of friendship and an internal locus of control than the other…

Provides suggestions to help early childhood teachers work more effectively with teenage parents and become significant adults in teenage parents' lives. Suggestions include fostering positive identification and addressing individual teenager needs. Presents Erikson's stages of psychosocial development as a basis for recommendations to develop…

This study examined two neglected dispositional contributions to creativity, needs for uniqueness and cognition, in 150 undergraduates. Results indicated individuals high in the needs of uniqueness and cognition evidenced more creative past accomplishments and produced richer visual and verbal products, more individualistic photo essays, and more…