The interactions of classroom experiences and selected student and faculty personality variables in faculty and course evaluations were studied. A student's need to achieve was found to be significantly related to faculty evaluation, and evaluation of course content and structure was significantly related to student personality variables.…

Describes a survey of high school students and teachers which examined the accessibility of school library resources and services. Discussion focuses on student attitudes and perceptions and the variables that affect them, including school and library rules, inadequate collections, personality of the media specialist, teaching styles, and teenage…

Compared 51 seventh-graders considered at-risk for school failure with 51 classmates. Students with a history of school failure, although of normal intelligence, were found to be significantly less intellectually, academically, and affectively competent than their more successful peers and were rated by their teachers as significantly less able to…

An eight-month longitudinal study measuring infants' (N=8) temperament characteristics of activity level, task persistence, and affect and discourse and pragmatic features of their mothers' speech revealed complex interactions between maternal speech and infant temperament. It is argued that nonlinguistic child behaviors may influence maternal…

High-masculinity subjects, compared to low-masculinity persons, scored significantly lower on self-report measures of depression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. No differences in distress were found as a function of sex or of the femininity dimension. High-masculine subjects also rated their problem-solving ability as more effective.…

Assessed the relative availability of Piagetian formal reasoning concepts at different ages in adulthood and examined performance patterns on standardized intelligence tests, logical reasoning, immediate memory span, and personality measures. Results indicated that although the elderly students' performances were generally adequate, their scores…

Developed a teacher's rating scale of self-esteem for children. Participants were 231 school children in grades K-7. Used sociometric measures, popularity ranking by teachers, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory to estimate validity. The Self-Esteem Rating Scale for Children (SERSC) included 12 behavioral characteristics rated most…

Proposed a sequence of four developmental levels for the individuation process, from a social-cognitive perspective, from late childhood to late adolescence, defining individuation as separation of self from family. Confirmed these age increases in individuation, using an individuation interview, Selman's self-awareness measure, and the Lunzer…

Found Bem's gender role classifications did not strongly predict undergraduates' future orientations regarding preferences for a professional career as opposed to home and family involvement. Subjects, particularly males, generally emphasized their own career plans ahead of those of their romantic partners, and were optimistic about their own…

Discusses some of the factors that cause young children to be behaviorally difficult, or hard to handle in class. Considers ways in which early childhood teachers, caregivers, and programs, as well as parents and society, can help to meet difficult children's needs. (BB)

Examined ability of Field-dependent/Field-independent high school students (N=56) to label correctly nonverbal stimuli of facial affect utilizing the Group Embedded Figures test and Pictures of Facial Affect. Treatment subjects identified and practiced facial expressions of emotions. When Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was controlled for, the…

Developed measure of client reactions to therapist interventions, which differed significantly on client helpfulness ratings. Therapist intentions related to client reactions more for successful cases than unsuccessful cases. Pretreatment symptomatology was highly predictive of reactions reported. Predictable changes in reactions occurred across…

Examines the implications of temporal separation for children's developmental differences in inferences drawn about an individual's characteristics after observing multiple instances of that individual's behavior. Also tests two competing hypotheses about how young children process information separated in time. (HOD)

This study examined differential perceptions of men and women as they appear on television (symbolic reality) and in real life (social reality). The marked tendency of television viewers to regard symbolic reality as more stereotypic than social reality for most traits, roles, and occupations was especially true for heavier viewers. (Author/MBR)

Blacks are more likely than whites to use the extreme response categories in Likert-type questionnaire items. This general tendency has important implications for Black-white comparisons along self-esteem dimensions. (Author)