Compared the sensitivity and teaching strategies of white, middle-class dysphoric and nondysphoric women working with unfamiliar five- and six-year olds during classification tasks and unstructured activities. Found that nondysphoric women were more sensitive to children's level of understanding than dysphoric women and were more likely to use a…

Two examples of the interaction between computer technology and assessment are described: a tool-based knowledge representation approach to assess content understanding and a team problem-solving task involving negotiation. The examples serve as the context for the exploration of validity, equity, and utility. (LZ)

Describes how problem-based learning has been adapted for use in elementary and high school settings, including initiating learning with an ill-structured problem, using the problem to structure the learning agenda, and teacher as metacognitive coach. (31 references) (Author/MKR)

A Hawaiian hula instructor describes how she teaches hula dancing to her students, explaining that there is no difference in how she shows them how to do something within or outside of the classroom. The article emphasizes the importance of students understanding and experiencing what they are being taught. (SM)

Children's magazines are a colorful supplement that can capture the interest of the most reluctant readers. Providing students with magazines geared to their interests and ages can help motivate them to read. The article describes several activities for making the best use of magazines in reading. (SM)

Results from 627 examinees taking a health sciences certification examination suggest that test items written purposefully to assess higher order cognitive skills do not provide evidence of assessing different levels of cognitive processing. Results do not support continuing use of a hierarchical cognitive classification dimension for the test…

Several extensions to the Angoff method of standard setting are described that can accommodate characteristics of performance-based assessment. A study involving 12 panelists supported the effectiveness of the new approach but suggested that panelists preferred an approach that was at least partially conjunctive. (SLD)

The articles of this special issue propose two methods of deriving an initial standard and one method for determining the extent to which the standard should include compensation. Much work remains to be done on further development of the methods and the larger issues of policy regarding performance assessment. (SLD)

Describes the variables for designing and maintaining writing groups within classroom settings. Advocates the use of writing groups. Provides outline of which structures are possible, what training is advisable, and what modifications can be made in view of changing class dynamics. (HB)

Provides an 86-item annotated bibliography of research published from July to December of 1994 in various areas of English pedagogy and instruction. Covers research in the areas of curriculum, language, literature, researcher education, teacher education, and writing. (HB)

Considers the current state of rhetoric and composition and its conceptualization of voice. Offers three studies of how voice and its relationship to self can be rethought from a dialogic perspective. Draws on theoretical works by Mikhail Bakhtin and Lev Vygotsky. Concludes with pedagogical strategies for incorporating a dialogic approach to voice…

Education can benefit from knowledge derived from cognitive and developmental psychology. Family demographics have actually improved between 1970 and 90 and so have NAEP scores. Three innovative programs demonstrating cognitive science applications include the Teaching Number Sense elementary math program, reciprocal teaching (reading strategy),…

This paper outlines six speech training guidelines to enhance oral communication development in children wearing cochlear implants. Specific teaching activities are presented to illustrate each guideline and recommended therapy tools are described. (Author)

The speech intelligibility of 18 children with prelingual deafness was examined after using cochlear implants for an average of 3 years. The average speech intelligibility score of the nine children using oral communication was significantly higher than that of nine children using total communication. (DB)

This article describes strategies to assist toddlers with special needs in inclusive settings to acquire social interaction skills. Strategies include: (1) arranging the environment; (2) group affection activities; (3) imitation of peers; (4) teacher prompts; (5) teacher reinforcement; (6) correspondence training; and (7) peer-mediated…