A longitudinal study followed cohorts of students progressing through schools in the Cleveland Public School district and compared the reading comprehension scores of black and white students. Subjects, 12 cohorts ranging in size from 1400 to 2900 students, had reading comprehension test scores available for the first and last years of the study.…

Conducted as part of the Monitoring the Future project, this study used a cohort-sequential design to examine period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among American youth between the ages of 18 and 28 from the high school classes of 1976 to 1986. This manuscript supersedes Paper 14 in the series which reported on American youth from 18-24…

There is a common perception that stresses tend to increase and accumulate with age, but there have been no definitive studies of differences in perceived life stress among different age groups. To study these differences, a quasi-random sample of 215 adults completed a 41 item life-stressor questionnaire, modified from the Paykel (1971) and…

This paper examines the impact of intercohort changes in social background composition on changes in grade progression rates at selected schooling levels. It is argued that the relative and absolute effects of background composition on grade progression rates should decline over levels of schooling. Empirical support for these arguments is…

As part of a continuing study of student flow in Hawaii community colleges, characteristics of fall 1975 entering students who did not continue at the same community college in spring 1976 but who registered at another public community college were examined. Characteristics studied were sex, entry status, full/part-time status, program, grade…

Cohort-sequential analyses were conducted on measures from the Primary Mental Abilities Test and the Test of Behavioral Rigidity for 2,151 participants at the first testing and 723 individuals at the retesting 7 years later. Data were examined for 7-year age intervals from 25 to 81 years and cohort intervals from 1889 to 1938. (Author/JMB)

Studied white and blue-collar men and women using a questionnaire seeking designation of the most suitable ages for various role transitions and age-related attributes. Comparisons with 1950s findings indicated loosening of the norms, but with continuing adherence to a prescriptive timetable and with persistent socioeconomic differences. Results…

Drew portraits of two cohorts of older adults from historical and sociological sources and tested hypotheses about cohort-specific values with data collected in 1957 and 1976. Results support view that adults born before 1900 were distinctive from other cohorts in that their happiness levels were closely linked with survival needs and firmly…

Proves that the same single-period structure in relationships among schooling, experience, and earnings can have sharply contrasting meanings for life cycle patterns. Returns on investment in human resources, productivity, and higher education depend on the static or dynamic nature of society, not on the society's wealth or poverty. Includes three…

Surveys issues related to recent and prospective schooling investment in developing countries, including educational levels, changes, and demands between 1960-81, and identifies under- and over-achieving countries. Standard estimates overstate schooling impacts by not controlling for school quality, childhood family background, and geographical…

Studied long-term consequences of adolescent marriage in three age cohorts of males. Found that Black and White males who married as adolescents completed less education, earned less, held lower-status occupations, and experienced more marital disruption than did peers who married as adults. (Author/NB)

Explores whether changes in the size of cohorts entering the labor force affected the propensity within the U.S. labor force to migrate and socioeconomic circumstances of migrants at destination within 1965-76. Suggests that a significant reduction in the volume of migration among members of the baby boom cohort was the primary adjustment…

This support document accompanies the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) report "From School to Work: The Role of Traineeships" (ED493902). It contains a comprehensive review of the literature referred to in that report and detailed descriptions and results of the econometric modeling upon which the findings are…

The goal of this paper is to introduce education researchers to a new approach for measuring the impact of whole-school reform. The approach is based on interrupted time-series analysis, which has been used to evaluate programs in many fields, but has not been used widely to study education initiatives. The application presented measures program…

The number of community college degrees and certificates awarded has increased steadily during the time of Performance Based Budgeting in Florida. The vast majority of Community College System awards are one of the following four types: Associate in Arts (AA), Associate in Science (AS), postsecondary vocational certificate (PSVC), and…