In Piaget's developmental psychology the fourth and highest stage of human cognitive development is that of formal operations. The research on formal thought instruments is outlined. This study was designed to construct and validate paper-and-pencil instruments which could be used to select students capable of abstract conceptualization,…

An experimental study examined the possibility that proximity error could bias results from semantic differential questionnaires. Proximity error occurs when, due to the ordering, or polarity, of the differential scales, one answer on the semantic differential results in another answer to a subsequent question being substantially changed from what…

The Rehabilitation Education Advancement and Placement (REAP) program, a pilot demonstration project sponsored by the Research and Training Center at the University of Pittsburgh and the Pennsylvania Rehabilitation Center (PRC), operated for 30 weeks and provided Adult Basic Education Training for rehabilitation clients. The ultimate goal of the…

This study was designed to determine the effects of teacher transfer for the purpose of achieving faculty racial balance on alienation and self-ideal discrepancy. Surveys were made of senior high school teachers from all senior high schools (grades 10-12) of Dade County, Miami, Florida, in February and June of 1970, involving 1,123 and 1,190…

Described is a program for the prevention of learning failure and its emotional and behavioral consequences initiated by the Learning Disorders Unit of the New York University Medical School with the cooperation of public schools in the lower East Side of New York City. This project involved the intensive individual examination of every child…

Much of the evidence behind the assumption of low black self-esteem has come from studies showing that black children prefer light-skinned dolls, pictures, or puppets to those with brown skin, or that they show problems of self-esteem in psycho-therapeutic sessions. While many of these studies are of a high order of excellence, they…

The specific aims of the investigation reported in this book were: (1) to determine the consistency or change in personality and adjustment of older adults over time and to learn what factors are related to consistency or changes; (2) to study the problem of survivorship by analyzing differences between survivors in regard to socio-psychological…

This paper examines the use of content analysis of speech in the objective recording and measurement of changes in emotional and cognitive function of humans in whom natural or experimental changes in neural status have occurred. A brief description of the data gathering process, details of numerous physiological effects, an anxiety scale, and a…

Between 1974 and 1976 the Two-Year College Development Center conducted a project to provide cognitive style information to faculty, counselors, and administrators at 21 two-year colleges in New York through a series of seminars and workshops. During 1976, the project focused on four questions identified as crucial to the application of cognitive…

Describes testing programs in Canada and suggests cautions to be used in psychological and diagnostic testing. Also discusses the use of standardized tests, computers, test validity and effectiveness, and parent attitudes. The demands of accountability and better management require counselor attention to testing and guidance. (JAC)

Discrepancies between court and professional association views of licensing examinations are discussed. Litigation associated with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and constitutional law is considered. Courts should examine professional standards and apply those that are consistent with the court's determination of the proper…

A survey identified 352 psychological tests that are used in Australia but produced in other countries. About 89 percent have been standardized for use in Australia, but no local data have been compiled for some high-use tests. Responsibilities of test distributors and users are discussed. (SLD)

This volume on vocational assessment is written from an educational and psychological perspective and includes descriptions of program models appropriate for implementation within school settings. The book focuses on cooperation among a variety of school-based professionals; incorporates the roles of community-based professionals and parents; and…

The factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was studied for 2,931 Canadian teachers (48.2% males and 51.8% females) as a single professional group and for subsamples of this group (1,159 elementary school teachers, 388 intermediate school teachers, and 1,384 secondary school teachers). Study participants were full-time teachers…

Author-generated summaries/outlines of papers presented at the annual conference of the International Personnel Management Association Assessment Council (IPMAAC) in 1988 are provided. The "Presidential Address" is by N. E. Abrams. The keynote address is "Is There a Future for Intelligence?" by R. Thorndike. Summaries of 53…