The Diagnostic Prescriptive Individualized (D.P.I.) Primary Reading Criterion-Referenced Screening Test Levels 1, 2 and 3 are diagnostic tests geared toward aiding the teacher of grade 1 and 2 children in identifying the academic strengths, weaknesses, and needs of each student. These tests are concerned with the overall screening of skills of…

For the first time, the Michigan Educational Assessment Program emphasizes providing classroom teachers with extensive information about the performance of students on selected performance objectives that are tested in the program. This guide was prepared to help educators interpret the information provided for individual students and for…

In the 1973-74 Michigan Educational Assessment Program (MEAP), new objective-referenced tests measuring some of the state-level minimal mathematics and reading performance objectives were introduced. These tests and the reports of results provided classroom teachers with extensive information about the performance objectives. Tests similar to…

In an effort to meet the needs of a wider range of abilities in sixth-form students in England, their major and minor studies were combined with a program of general studies in curriculum working toward a Certificate of Extended Education (CEE). In summer 1974, the CEE experimental testing program was offered to students in the sixth form,…

The Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study (BTES), Phase II, was a research project on effective teaching behavior--what teachers do that significantly affects what and how pupils learn. The purposes of Phase II were to (1) develop an assessment system for measuring teacher and pupil behaviors and other factors which could influence each of them and…

A contrast is drawn between "norm-referenced" grading (on the curve) and "criterion-referenced" grading (including contract). Most teachers incorporate both methods but without always being aware of the logic behind their grading procedures. It is suggested that the academic units of the University of Michigan must continue to…

Representing a set of required readings for those who would keep abreast of developments in the field of educational evaluation, this book presents nine chapters, each written by a recognized scholar on the topic being considered. Several chapters are also available as separate booklets, thereby increasing the flexibility with which the materials…

Final course grade expectations of students in two models of instruction (mastery and nonmastery) were investigated. The intent of the study was to examine expectations between groups and to analyze within-mastery effects on self-perception of performance. Using preinstruction grade expectation, postinstruction grade expectation, Grade Point…

The oral interview may be viewed as a criterion-referenced test for making either/or decisions about functional use of spoken language. Speech production can be tested by either the oral interview or the Valdis (1972) "Performance Objectives for Speaking," and dialogue between the two systems can be profitable. Current literature on…

The method of using person vectors in regression analysis to test repeated measures hypotheses or questions is discussed. These hypotheses involve designs with pre and post scores with one group and with multiple groups. Based on these analyses with person vectors, there are two major focuses of the paper: a proposed solution to the problem of…

Criterion-referenced testing is defined and some of its background is discussed. A distinction is made between criterion-referenced scores, norm-referenced scores, cut-off scores, criterion scores, criterion variables, and content-standard scores. The relationship between norm-referenced information and criterion-referenced information is…

This is one of the outcomes of the work of the Massachusetts Evaluation Service Center for Occupational Education (ESCOE). The first part of this document is an overview of the Performance Test Development Project. The remainder of the document explores machine shop curriculum in terms of terminal behavioral objectives which were grouped by…

A bibliographic listing is provided which contains 2,692 items selected and abstracted for a basic file of technical information on instructional system development. These items date back to 1953 and represent a subset of articles within the general area of instructional systems; they include both reports of pertinent original research as well as…

This paper discusses criterion referenced tests' characteristics and their use in clinical evaluation. The distinction between diagnostic tests and criterion referenced measures is largely a matter of emphasis. Some authorities believe that in diagnostic testing the emphasis is upon an evaluation of an individual's strengths and weaknesses in…

A discussion of performance contracting, defined as an agreement between a group offering instruction and a school needing the services, is presented. Four major hazards to direct measurement of specific learning are considered: poor statement of objectives; selection of the wrong tests; misinterpretation of test scores; and depersonalization of…