This review deals mainly with British studies and is focused on choice of scientific and technological occupations. Two basic influences on occupational choice are discussed: (1) the acquisition and development of the individual's personal traits, and (2) his environment--school, family, economic and social position. Evidence indicates that…

This study investigated and compared the effectiveness of T groups and the Human Development Institute (HDI) in changing interpersonal perception styles and communication skills. In 20 hours of instruction over a ten week period, the two training conditions were systematically varied with groups of elementary school teachers differing on the…

Reported is a study of possible relationships between selected teacher characteristics and teacher effectiveness in the teaching of junior high school science, Interaction of Matter and Energy (IME). Thirty-two teachers and IME students from eight schools participated in the study. Teacher data were collected by means of: (1) Rokeach Dogmatism…

This book describes a series of studies included in a 5-year program of research on the social adjustment of school children in the third through sixth grades. The sample consists of a total of 40,000 children from Texas and Minnesota, including a small subsample of 5,000 used in a 4-year longitudinal study. Peer acceptance-rejection scores…

This book is designed for the slow learner and the dropout. It is written at the sixth grade level and is generously illustrated. The specific purpose of the book is to help the potential dropout and those who have already dropped out and returned to special training by indicating the importance of a positive attitude, and how to build one. It is…

Television viewing habits of 12 to 14 year olds in Australia were studied, and an attempt was made to correlate amount of viewing time and choice of programs with these children's intelligence and personality. Average viewing time per night was three hours and 40 minutes. A large variation was found in the time at which children ceased viewing.…

This investigation sought to study the socioeconomically disadvantaged child and his levels of achievement as related to the control of positive and negative reinforcements, personality constructs, classroom behavior, and parental attitudes about classroom behavior and school achievement. The sample consisted of 50 matched pairs of eighth grade…

This study defined "preference types" (types of people who use various media) and looked at constructs people used in deciding their preferences. Preferences in one medium were compared with preferences in another medium for the same group of people. The six media studied were television, radio, movies, magazines, brand commercials, and political…

If universities and colleges are to provide an optimal education for students from all cultures and backgrounds they should examine the relationships among their students. Since there has been an increase in black freshman enrollment at large universities from three percent in 1969 to four percent in 1970 and institutions are preparing students…

Brief annotations of the instruments acquired by the Test Collection of Educational Testing Service from January through March of 1971, whether published in the U. S. or abroad, are provided. A special Head Start Test Collection has also been established to provide information about instruments for those engaged in research or project direction…

The Vernon Non Verbal Personality Test has been developed in pilot form and standardization is now being planned. It involves the use of reproductions, famous works of art, incomplete pictures, the drawings of mental patients of known diagnosis, and picture dramas. The subject completes the test by himself in about 45 minutes after being helped…

This study was undertaken to illustrate the application of a multidimensional individual-differences approach to credibility judgments as an alternative to factor analysis. Judgments of aspirants to the presidency of the United States were specifically studied. Ten stimulus-persons, varying in sex, political affiliation, and (apparent) ideology,…

This paper analyzes the moral reasoning and perceptions of inmates in an eastern youth reformatory. A series of prison dilemmas, reflecting conflicts experienced by inmates and guards, was administered to 34 inmates; in addition, each inmate was given the standard Kohlberg moral maturity interview. Responses were scored for moral judgment and…

A laboratory experiment, using videotape, was designed to test the self-interest hypothesis, that is, that a subject will increase his effectiveness if he argues in favor of a position that is opposed to his best interests. Four hundred fifty-nine subjects participated in a Solomon Four-Group design for primary data acquisition. Strong opinion…

The relationship between sex of the experimenter and of a child's cognitive style on risk-taking behavior is reported. The Subjects were 30 boys and 30 girls in the fourth grade. An adult female experimenter administered Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures task to half the children of each sex to give a measure of the childrens' reflective or…