Using a snowball technique, in-depth interviews were conducted with 108 girls emanating from seven demographically dissimilar social networks. Girls were asked to classify 58 items as either a risk or protective factor for smoking initiation and then to assign an importance weighting to each. All items except one (worries about her weight) were…

Despite high smoking rates among those living in poverty, few cessation studies are conducted in these populations. This cluster-randomized trial tested nicotine gum plus motivational interviewing (MI) for smoking cessation in 20 low-income housing developments (HDs). Intervention participants (10 HDs, n = 66) received educational materials, 8…

Higher rates of smoking initiation and continuation by female compared with male adolescents, as found in many developed countries, may call for gender-specific prevention programs. Risk factors of smoking initiation and continuation were examined prospectively (1997-2002) among 3205 Dutch elementary schoolchildren (mean age 11.64) in an…

As limited research exists on medical students' substance use patterns, including over-consumption of alcohol, the objective of this study was to determine prevalence and correlates of at-risk drinking among a national sample of medical students, using a cross-sectional, anonymous, Web-based survey. A total of 2710 medical students from 36 U.S.…

Direct family caregivers of population-based adolescents with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan were surveyed regarding their perceptions of the use of prescribed medication and its relationship with health-related behaviors, medical care and preventive health utilization of people with intellectual disabilities. Cross-sectional data on 1419…

This document examines what is known about alcohol and other drug abuse (AODA) among adolescent females. The first half of the document discusses the following topics: (1) prevalence and patterns of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use among female adolescents; (2) correlates and risk of substance abuse, including age of initiation,…

This article discusses problems involved in the design of effective health education programs addressed to smoking prevention. (PD)

This study investigated the relationship between the stressfulness of each state's social environment, smoking, and mortality rates for respiratory cancer. It was based on a health behavior model which assumed that under conditions of high stress some people fail to exercise normal prudence in either protecting their health or engage in practices…

Some research on attribution processes has suggested that attributional search is exploratory behavior that serves adaptation and mastery motives. This study was conducted to investigate attributional search in reactions to success and failure after quitting smoking, to look for antecedents of attributional search other than expectancy and…

Condensed from "Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Volume 39 (October 1968), 34-38

Most research in smoking cessation has shown no intervention clearly superior or successful. Of those who return to smoking after abstaining, a subgroup includes those who do so incrementally, eventually reaching their former level. An approach aimed at this subgroup, originally used in a group setting, involves intensifying the desire to smoke…

This bibliography is one in a series on smoking and health and supplements a preceding volume entitled "Bibliography on Smoking and Health-1969." It includes all of the items added to the Technical Information Center of the National Clearinghouse for Smoking and Health from January through December 1969. Eleven sections contain citations…

This study assessed whether or not the initial attitudes and beliefs of a behaviorally homogeneous group can be used as indicators of future smoking behavior. Ss included seventh graders who classified themselves as never-smokers on an initial survey and who participated in all three surveys over a 2-year period. The initial survey consisted of a…

GRADES OR AGES: Grades 4-12. SUBJECT MATTER: Smoking. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The guide is divided into three sections, one each for intermediate grades, junior high school, and senior high school. Each section is further divided into units organized around "conceptual statements." Units are laid out in four columns across two pages.…

"The most important public health problem today," according to Dr. Robert S. Morison, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Cornell University, "is America's failure to communicate the cancer and heart disease risks of cigarettes effectively enough to make teenagers decide not to start smoking". (Editor/RK)