Time-based lag sequential analyses were conducted on 23 topographies of challenging behavior shown by 5 young people with severe mental retardation across 2 settings. Potential behavioral functions were identified for 21 of the 23 behaviors. Response classes were identified for four participants. Cross-validation with brief experimental analyses…

A process social skills training approach was implemented and evaluated with two high school students having mild intellectual disabilities and social skills deficits. The intervention package was successful in promoting generalization of targeted social skills from the training setting to the classroom for both students. Participants had…

This paper discusses guidelines for devising a hierarchy when fading response prompts in training individuals with developmental disabilities. Existing guidelines are seen as poorly defined, inconsistent, and lacking both theoretical and experimental support. An alternative theoretical account is proposed which suggests that prompts in a hierarchy…

Using a miniature linguistic system with five morphological rules and a 98-word lexicon, this experiment determined that explicit-deductive learning was more effective than implicit-inductive learning for the acquisition of categorical rules by 61 college student subjects. (87 references) (MDM)

Presents 12 principles for "brain-based" learning that can serve as guidelines for defining and selecting instructional programs and methodologies. Discussion includes implications for education, suggestions for teaching information literacy skills, individual differences in the learning process, and the use of multimedia technologies. (AEF)

Describes the use of simulation games in cross-cultural training, noting that participants in these programs are usually adults. Highlights include a history of cross-cultural training; diversity training; learning processes; motivation; practice; shared experience; examples of simulation games used for cross-cultural training; and trainers who…

Describes three approaches teachers can use to help students understand multiplication and division: calculator explorations, problem solving, and discussion topics. Specific examples are provided for primary and upper grades. (MDM)

Estimates of the reproductive rate of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), obtained through a Bernoulli process model, indicate that decreasing the infectivity of the virus, through the use of condoms, for example, is more effective at reducing the infection rate than is limiting the number of sexual partners. (SLD)

This article presents a synopsis of each of seven presentations given at a conference on design and analysis in community trial studies. Papers identify problems with community trials and discuss strengths and weaknesses associated with design and analysis strategies. Areas of consensus are summarized. (SLD)

Several models of information integration are developed and analyzed in the context of a prototypical pattern-recognition task. Evaluation, integration, and decision-making processes are specified for each. Simulations and predictions are carried out to provide a measure of identifiability or extent to which they can be distinguished from one…

Outlines themes of the scientific element of the PGCE secondary course at Goldsmith College, London (England), which is designed to raise preservice teachers' awareness of issues surrounding race and equal opportunities. It provides a brief outline of the sessions along with notes on the materials used with the students. (GLR)

Describes five principles for cost-effective clinical practice: efficient use of self, efficient use of equipment and supplies, delegation of work, critical path method, and organization of the environment. (SK)

Describes qualitative investigation of counselor trainees perceptions during multicultural counseling course. Student responses addressed class events, perceived changes in thinking and feeling, desired changes, issues hindering change, between-class thoughts, unexpected benefits, and immediate concerns. Results highlight importance of…

Describes assignment using oral history readings to teach history of counseling and counseling psychology. Discusses student feedback and outcomes. Offers directions for future research. (CRR)

Offers an overview of Japanese public lower secondary school education (the equivalent of American grades seven through nine), discussing school system organization, school customs and rules, school structure, and students' preparation for the future. (SR)