Collects and examines data on the attitudes of physics instructors towards allowing student access to textbook problem solutions. Student data (n=227) was collected by survey. Compares student and instructor attitudes and discusses the possible significance of the survey results. (Author/MVL)

Performance of 90 accounting experts (faculty and practitioners) and 60 novices (senior accounting majors) was compared. Experts applied more accounting principles to solving problems. There were no differences in types of principles applied and no correlation between (1) principles applied and number of breadth comments or (2) importance placed…

When their first child was 5, 30 couples discussed an unresolved issue in their marital relationship that involved one of their parents, and how they would resolve this issue. Five intergenerational themes were identified in these disagreements: balancing nuclear vs. extended family time, changing rules and roles, pleasing parents vs. spouse,…

Overly text-based accounts of reading comprehension have been displaced by multifaceted considerations of meaning-making subjectivity and shared understandings held by communities of readers. Reading may be viewed as a meaning construction process, as writing, as engagement, and as a situation-based activity. Includes 26 references. (MLH)

Any feasible problem-solving theory must become a master plan defining actions leading to desired results. This article presents an integrated, research-based planning model stressing a contingency approach to problem-solving that recognizes constraints such as time, accountability, learning time, uncertainty, conflicts, and complexity. Includes…

Discusses leadership skills necessary for coping with the great institutional systems holding our society together. Leaders must grasp relationships to the larger realities beyond the system they are heading. Needed skills include agreement-building, networking, exercising nonjurisdictional or "insider" power, and institution-building. (MLH)

A four-component model for career decision-making counseling relates each component to assessment questions and appropriate intervention strategies. The components are (1) conceptualization (definition of the problem); (2) enlargement of response repertoire (generation of alternatives); (3) identification of discriminative stimuli (consequences of…

Microanalysis of problem-solving activities of 10 learning-disabled and 10 normally achieving children (ages 10-12) found that, although normally achieving subjects reached more sophisticated levels of strategy use, there was no evidence that the learning-disabled subjects were inactive, passive, or maladaptive in their problem-solving attempts.…

To make the best use of one's creativity in problem solving, it is important to first create an atmosphere in which creativity can flourish. Two methods that can be used to generate ideas are brainstorming and analogizing. After generating ideas, the best solution must be chosen and then the chosen ideas must be implemented. (MLW)

Addresses the relationship that exists between the fields of educational technology, which stresses a performance problem-solving methodology, and distance education, which provides a context within which these methodologies may be employed. A definition of educational technology is discussed, and methodologies of instructional design and…

Discusses the dialectic between creative dramatics and conflict resolution and its exploration by the Conflict Resolution Project (CRP). Outlines the CRP's perspectives and general approach as a prelude to a more indepth review about how creative dramatics are used by the CRP. (Author/NB)

Presents Comprehensive Employment Preparation program, an intervention designed to help youth and young adults with developmental disabilities acquire skills necessary to prepare them for effective functioning as self-sustaining, working members of society. Delineates such community-based strategies as vocational enrichment programs; pursuing,…

That reflectiveness was directly related to creative problem-solving was tested in two experiments with 58 college students solving induction problems by conventional or unconventional rules. Extremely reflective or extremely impulsive students on conventional problems performed worse on the unconventional problems than did those moderately…

Discusses two controversies regarding instruction in critical-thinking: (1) definitions of critical-thinking skills; and (2) the design of instructional delivery systems that promote the generalized use of these skills. Suggests that teachers select specific skills to teach and define those skills with clear, objective descriptions based on overt…

Several children's books which feature characters who overcome odds and solve problems are reviewed. The selection includes read-aloud books, classics, fairy tales, and novels for teens. (IAH)