Several aspects of interview research heretofore receiving little attention are discussed. A brief description of the different types of interview formats and levels of analysis is presented. Following a discussion of the problem of analyzing protocol data, some suggestions are offered about analysis procedures that derive from constructionist…

This paper presents a framework for understanding the various roles and structures for computer graphics in group communication, and discusses three basic types of design decisions that need to be addressed in using such graphics systems: (1) How are the systems to be intergrated in the group communication activity? (2) How are the systems to be…

In an investigation into the process of retrieval from very long term memory, four subjects who had been out of high school from 4 to 19 years were asked to think aloud while attempting to recall the names of their high school classmates. The retrievals were found to be characterized by overshoot, systematic hypothesizing, fabrications, the…

QUESTION-STUDY AS A METHOD FOR INTERPRETING AND MEASURING PROBLEM-SOLVING BEHAVIOR WAS STUDIED. DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM A PREVIOUS STUDY (ED 003 005) AND ANALYZED. ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED TO DETERMINE WHETHER QUESTIONS WERE MORE USEFUL FOR ASSESSING PROBLEM-SOLVING BEHAVIOR THAN ANALYSIS OF SOLUTIONS. TECHNIQUES, FORMULAE, AND RESULTS PERTINENT TO…

ROLE PLAYING IS AN APPROACH TO GROUP DISCUSSION WHICH ATTEMPTS TO GET MAXIMUM PARTICIPATION THROUGH THE ACTING OUT, BY A FEW MEMBERS OF THE GROUP, OF A CONCRETE EXAMPLE OF THE PROBLEM OR IDEA UNDER DISCUSSION. THE GROUP FIRST DECIDES ON A CONCRETE EXAMPLE, FALLING WITHIN THE AREA OF DISCUSSION, AND DECIDES CHARACTER ROLES AND SETTING. NEXT THE…

THE AUTHORS HYPOTHESIZED THAT IF SUBJECTS WERE PRESENTED WITH "AMBIGUOUS" ANAGRAMS (THOSE WITH MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS), THE SOLUTION-WORD WITH THE HIGHEST NORMAL FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE WOULD BE DETERMINED FIRST, THE NEXT MOST FREQUENT SOLUTION-WORD WOULD BE DETERMINED SECOND, AND SO ON. SIXTY-NINE COLLEGE STUDENTS ATTEMPTED TO SOLVE 15…

BECAUSE OF THE EVER INCREASING EXPANSION OF KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURAL CHANGES, TEACHING CHILDREN TO DISCOVER (DEFINED HERE AS THE ACQUISITION OF AN ABILITY TO FORMULATE AND SOLVE PROBLEMS) SHOULD BE GIVEN CONSIDERABLE SIGNIFICANCE AS AN EDUCATIONAL GOAL. THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT IS (1) TO CLARIFY CERTAIN ASPECTS OF TEACHING CHILDREN TO DISCOVER,…

TWENTY-SIX GROUPS OF FIVE SUBJECTS EACH WERE STUDIED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF FEEDBACK ON SUBSEQUENT GROUP BEHAVIOR. EACH GROUP WAS GIVEN TEN PROBLEMS, EACH TO BE SOLVED INDIVIDUALLY, BEFORE AND AFTER A DISCUSSION PERIOD. THE USE OF AN ANALOG COMPUTER PERMITTED THE EXPERIMENTER TO GIVE FEEDBACK ON THE FIRST SOLUTION BEFORE THE DISCUSSION BEGAN…

WHILE IT IS WIDELY RECOGNIZED THAT TEST ANXIETY INTERFERES WITH COGNITIVE PROCESSES, THE RESEARCH FROM WHICH THIS CONCLUSION IS DRAWN TYPICALLY HAS NOT SHOWN WHICH COGNITIVE PROCESSES ARE INTERFERED WITH OR WHAT PRACTICAL STEPS COULD BE TAKEN TO PREVENT SUCH INTERFERENCE. THE REASONS FOR THIS LACK OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE ARE DISCUSSED. IT IS SHOWN…

This inventory was designed to assess the general problem solving ability of disadvantaged elementary school children from various ethnic backgrounds and grade levels. Twelve tasks are included in the inventory: sensing the problem, identifying the problem, asking questions, guessing causes, clarification of goals, judging if more information is…

Described is a study concerned with the mode of presentation of printed mathematical word problems. Tenth grade students were given twenty word problems to solve, presented in one of three ways: (1) prose only, (2) prose with an accurate picture included, or (3) prose with a distorted picture. Experimental results showed that the group with an…

This latest in a series of studies (of conditions which support creative problemsolving activity of gifted children) attempted to assess the immediate impact of an inservice training program to promote inductive and nondirective teaching behaviors. Subjects were 160 teachers (124 who participated in the training program and 36 constituting a…

The Information Search Language (ISL), described in this report, is a problem-oriented language designed to facilitate the manipulation of real character strings with the Control Data 1604 computer. The report gives instructions for the language; these may be classified as Pseudo-ops, Word-Oriented instructions, Character-string instructions,…

The constructive phases of system design are discussed with particular reference to information systems design. A preliminary attempt is made at definition of terms and an initial organization of research presented. A synopsis of work to date is presented within the framework of three thrust areas (1) creative and intuitive design methods, (2)…

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in conjunction with Drexel University, engaged in a research effort directed toward an improved understanding of large-scale systems technology and management. This research program has as its major objectives: (1) the demonstration of the applicability of the NASA organization and management…