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Peer reviewed
Direct linkJanczyk, Markus; Pfister, Roland; Wallmeier, Gloria; Kunde, Wilfried – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Psychological research has documented again and again marked performance decrements whenever humans perform 2 or more tasks at the same time. In fact, the available evidence seems to suggest that any type of behavior is subject to such limitations. The present experiments employed the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm to identify a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Task Analysis, Experimental Psychology, Experiments
Seli, Paul; Carriere, Jonathan S. A.; Thomson, David R.; Cheyne, James Allan; Martens, Kaylena A. Ehgoetz; Smilek, Daniel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
In the present work, we investigate the hypothesis that failures of task-related executive control that occur during episodes of mind wandering are associated with an increase in extraneous movements (fidgeting). In 2 studies, we assessed mind wandering using thought probes while participants performed the metronome response task (MRT), which…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Executive Function, Attention Control, Undergraduate Students
Kegel, Cornelia A. T.; Bus, Adriana G. – Infant and Child Development, 2014
Children showing poor executive functioning may not fully benefit from learning experiences at home and school and may lag behind in literacy skills. This hypothesis was tested in a sample of 276 kindergarten children. Executive functions and literacy skills were tested at about 61?months and again a year later. In line with earlier studies,…
Descriptors: Evidence, Attribution Theory, Alphabets, Executive Function
Horowitz-Kraus, Tzipi – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2014
Adolescents with dyslexia exhibit well-established impairments in executive abilities. The Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) is an executive test that yields surprisingly inconsistent results with this population. The current study aimed to shed light on the contradictory findings in the literature regarding the performance levels by individuals…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Adolescents, Dyslexia, Cognitive Tests
Riggs, Nathaniel R.; Black, David S.; Ritt-Olson, Anamara – New Directions for Youth Development, 2014
Adolescence is characterized by incredible development in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which is responsible for behavioral and emotional self-regulation, and higher order cognitive decision-making skills (that is, executive function). Typically late prefrontal cortical development and its integration with limbic areas of the brain…
Descriptors: Drug Abuse, Prevention, Adolescents, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Leung, Rachel C.; Zakzanis, Konstantine K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Impairments in cognitive flexibility have been used to characterize the neuropsychological presentation of persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Previous studies have yielded mixed results. Our objective was to systematically review the sensitivity of cognitive flexibility measures in ASD using quantitative methods employed by…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Neurological Impairments
Download full textEsterhuizen, Stef; Grosser, Mary – South African Journal of Childhood Education, 2014
This study established the effects of a researcher-developed curriculum-based intervention programme. The intervention was grounded on principles of Feuerstein's ideas about 'mediated learning'. The aim of the intervention was specifically to address children's executive functions, which are generally regarded as prerequisites for cognitive…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Executive Function, Cognitive Development, Intervention
Gilpin, Ansley; Mennen, Ferol; Pakulak, Eric; Sommer, Teresa Eckrich; Dwyer, Kathleen M.; Cannon, Erin; Bell, Theodore; Boxmeyer, Caroline; Chase-Lansdale, P. Lindsay; Chor, Elise; DeCaro, Jason; Dela Cruz, Kenn Lacsamana; Giuliano, Ryan; Gomsrud, Melissa; Karns, Christina; Klein, Scott; Lochman, John; Longoria, Zayra; Molina, Abigail Palmer; Monro, William; Neville, Helen; O'Neil, Lauren; Reynolds, Mary Margaret; Sabol, Terri J.; Sclafani, Marisa; Tighe, Lauren A. – Administration for Children & Families, 2020
This brief introduces four research projects testing promising interventions funded under the Head Start University Partnerships (HSUP): Dual-Generation Approaches1 grant program. Two-generation approaches are typically designed to address problems associated with poverty by combining child-focused services with adult-focused services. Head Start…
Descriptors: Disadvantaged Youth, Preschool Education, Early Intervention, Childhood Needs
Santillán, Jimena; Khurana, Atika – Developmental Science, 2018
Children from lower socioeconomic (SES) backgrounds tend to be at-risk for executive function (EF) impairments by the time they are in preschool, placing them at an early disadvantage for academic success. The present study examined the potentially protective role of bilingual experience on the development of inhibitory control (IC) in 1146 Head…
Descriptors: Child Development, Bilingualism, Spanish, Preschool Children
Diaz, Vanessa; Farrar, M. Jeffrey – First Language, 2018
Bilingual children often show advanced executive functioning (EF) and false belief (FB) understanding compared to monolinguals. The latter has been attributed to their enhanced inhibitory control EF, although this has only been examined in a single study which did not confirm this hypothesis. The current study examined the relation of EF and…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Monolingualism, Language Acquisition, Second Language Learning
Wenz-Gross, Melodie; Yoo, Yeonsoo; Upshur, Carole C.; Gambino, Anthony J. – Grantee Submission, 2018
Efforts to improve the achievement gap between low-income children and their more affluent peers has led to the development of classroom interventions and curricula to increase executive functioning (EF) and social-emotional skills (SE), thought to be foundational for learning. The Second Step Early Learning (SSEL) curriculum is a commercially…
Descriptors: Low Income Students, Achievement Gap, At Risk Students, Executive Function
Korinek, Lori; deFur, Sharon H. – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2016
Educators express an almost universal desire for students to exhibit self-control--that is, manage, monitor, and assess their own social and academic behaviors. These skills comprise self-regulation, a complex set of functions derived from several fields of research, including social cognition (Zimmerman, 2000), self-determination (Wehmeyer &…
Descriptors: Self Management, General Education, Self Control, Social Cognition
Duh, Shinchieh; Paik, Jae H.; Miller, Patricia H.; Gluck, Stephanie C.; Li, Hui; Himelfarb, Igor – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Cross-cultural research on children's theory of mind (ToM) understanding has raised questions about its developmental sequence and relationship with executive function (EF). The current study examined how ToM develops (using the tasks from Wellman & Liu, 2004) in relation to 2 EF skills (conflict inhibition, working memory) in 997 Chinese…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Cross Cultural Studies, Prediction, Executive Function
Marcusson-Clavertz, David; Cardeña, Etzel; Terhune, Devin Blair – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Mind wandering--mentation unrelated to one's current activity and surroundings--is a ubiquitous phenomenon, but seemingly competing ideas have been proposed regarding its relation to executive cognitive processes. The control-failure hypothesis postulates that executive processes prevent mind wandering, whereas the global availability hypothesis…
Descriptors: Imagination, Fantasy, Cognitive Style, Short Term Memory
Dail, Teresa; Smith, Caroline – Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 2016
The benefits of swimming for children with disabilities include improved motor skills, physical fitness, executive brain function and improved social skills. Swimming can also be an activity that provides a positive environment for children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). This article provides an overview of ADHD and…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Psychomotor Skills, Brain, Executive Function
