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Christoffersen, Mogens Nygaard – Childhood: A Global Journal of Child Research, 1998
Compared parents' problems and preschoolers' well-being in families of children living with their mothers or fathers in Denmark. Found close associations between strains on parents and child well-being. Parents who were not appreciated at work or unemployed were more likely to have conflicts with their children. Fathers had better jobs, less…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Comparative Analysis, Employed Parents, Family Work Relationship

Smith, Maureen – Early Education and Development, 2001
Explored the relation between measures of emotional competence, behavioral regulation, and general social competence and African American preschoolers' peer acceptance and popularity. Found that gender, emotional knowledge, emotion regulation, and themes of violence in response to hypothetical situations of interpersonal conflict were strongly…
Descriptors: Blacks, Child Behavior, Developmental Psychology, Emotional Adjustment

Thornton, Shirley A. – Journal of Negro Education, 1995
Addresses the rift between black middle and upper classes and those in the so-called underclass, and suggests means for bridging this gap. The author argues that for conditions within the black community to improve, blacks must first take individual and collective responsibility for their destinies. Also explaines which positive,…
Descriptors: Accountability, Black Community, Black Leadership, Blacks

Blankinship, David A. – SRA Journal, 1995
To understand causes of stress in the workplace, research administrators can use the theory of "personality priorities" to understand researcher behavior. The theory suggests each individual adopts rules to help make decisions and maintain a sense of belonging. Each of these personality priorities (control, comfort, pleasing,…
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Administrator Role, College Administration, Employee Attitudes

Astington, J. W.; Olson, D. R. – Human Development, 1995
Examines two theoretical approaches on how we understand our own and others' minds: a causal explanatory and an interpretive social approach. Explores the relations between these views and suggests that the real challenge of the cognitive revolution is to unite the two approaches, to achieve a causal naturalistic account of the acquisition and…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Leadbeater, B.; Raver, C. – Human Development, 1995
Suggests that a better understanding of the development of children's theories of mind, requires theoretical perspectives that do not privilege the child who conceptualizes or actively participates in social interactions. Proposes that a better understanding of the relationships among brain, psyche, behavior, and culture should be promoted. (AA)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Fleisher, Feldman – Human Development, 1995
Examines Astington and Olson's proposal under the context of von Wright's and Hempel's theories of explanation and understanding. Suggests that for taking children's meaning making seriously, researchers should find a principled way to acknowledge the role of interpretation in scientific thinking even in the making of explanation itself. (AA)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Bruner, J. – Human Development, 1995
Examines the relationship between causal-explanatory and interpretive-hermeneutic approaches to how we understand our own and others' minds. Suggests that the two approaches discussed by Astington and Olson are mutually enlightening but, contrary to the proposed position, are irreducible to each other. (AA)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Astington, J. W.; Olson, D. R. – Human Development, 1995
Points out agreement that the concepts a child acquires are variants of those exemplified by the cultures in which they grow up. Suggests, however, that learners interpret these cultural practices in terms of models causally determined by their cognitive or representational capacities and by the stock of concepts currently available. (AA)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures

Kijai, Jimmy; Totten, Donald L. – Journal of Research on Christian Education, 1995
This study examined the extent of burnout among elementary teachers in very small Seventh Day Adventist schools with multigraded classes. Surveys indicated that 71% experienced moderate to high emotional exhaustion and 60% experienced low personal accomplishment. Predictors of burnout included attitudes toward students, satisfaction with teaching,…
Descriptors: Coping, Elementary Education, Elementary School Teachers, Multigraded Classes

Murry, Velma McBride; Brown, P. Adama; Brody, Gene H.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Simons, Ronald L. – Journal of Marriage and Family, 2001
Focuses on the links between social contexts and normative family patterns to identify factors at the societal, community, family, and individual levels that enhance African Americans' ability to overcome stressful life events and foster positive family relationships. Maternal psychological distress was linked with parent-child relationship…
Descriptors: Black Family, Context Effect, Cultural Context, Family Characteristics
Liu, Xianchen; Tein, Jenn-Yun; Sandler, Irwin N.; Zhao, Zhongtang – Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 2005
This case control study examined the relationship between psychopathological profiles and self reported suicide attempts among rural adolescents of China. Cases consisted of 142 adolescents who reported a suicide attempt in the past 6 months in a questionnaire survey (n = 1,365). An equal number of adolescents without reporting a suicide attempt,…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Suicide, Foreign Countries, Case Studies
Altindag, Abdurrahman; Ozkan, Mustafa; Oto, Remzi – Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 2005
The southeastern part of Turkey has comparatively high female suicide rates. We aimed to research social, economic, cultural, and psychiatric reasons of suicides in Batman in a case-controlled psychological autopsy study comparing suicides with matched community controls. The female suicide rate was 9.3 per 100.000 and the female/male ratio was…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Suicide, Case Studies, Comparative Analysis
Walker, Rheeda L.; Bishop, Shaughna – Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 2005
In this study, a model of certain aspects of religiosity, social support, and depressive symptomatology that would examine how African Americans may be, differentially, protected from suicide was proposed. "Intrinsic" religiosity was found to be negatively related to depressive symptoms which were positively related to suicide ideation in a sample…
Descriptors: Models, Comparative Analysis, Religious Factors, Suicide
Ploderl, Martin; Fartacek, Reinhold – Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 2005
This is the first study in German-speaking countries to compare the suicidality of lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults (n = 358) with matched heterosexual adults (n = 267). The former had significantly elevated incidences of current suicide ideation (28% vs. 13%) and lifetime suicide attempts defined in three ways (14% vs. 1% to 10% vs. 2%),…
Descriptors: Suicide, Risk, Homosexuality, Sexual Orientation