This study investigates the performance of students in a simulation correlated with selected measures of their personality, attitudes toward children and teaching, creativity, and effective reasoning in an attempt to discover variables which identify good and poor solvers of teaching problems. Thirty-six elementary education majors were…

This is a model to find out if a problem-solving process can be specified clearly enough to be modeled by a computer, thus providing a simulation which can be used to train preservice teachers to use this process to solve classroom problems. In the model, the teacher trainee must respond to eight successive questions which form a strategy to…

Questionnaires were sent to over 600 libraries requesting information on problems encountered and solutions arrived at in implementing computer-based systems. The responses--containing a statement of the problem, its cause, and solution--make up the bulk of this document. Most of the problems cited can be tied to the following features of library…

This manual was conceived and developed on the premise that many of the problems that face individuals in a democratic society can best be resolved by concerted, community-wide action. The seminar approach to resolving urgent community issues has been pioneered by a number of municipalities throughout the State of New York. Included in the manual…

This report investigates improvement of pupils' creative thinking and problem-solving abilities through direct educational efforts. The sample consisted of 739 pupils and their teachers from 36 fifth grade classes in two Indiana public school systems. Five sub-tests from the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking were administered to all teachers to…

RESEARCH FINDINGS RELATED TO RIGIDITY IN CHILDREN'S PROBLEM-SOLVING ACTIVITIES ARE REVIEWED. EINSTELLUNG RIGIDITY WHICH AFFECTS CHILDREN'S PERFORMANCE IN PROBLEM SOLVING IS CAUSED BY THE MATERIALS AND THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS INVOLVED IN PROBLEM SITUATIONS. FUNCTIONAL FIXATION OCCURS WHEN CHILDREN ARE UNABLE TO USE OBJECTS FOR PROCESSES IN THE…

A method for improving the induction of computer programs from human problem solving protocols begins with four steps. The first step requires dividing the protocol into phrases that represent the performer's single assertions about the task or a single act of task oriented behavior. Second, the operators and information constituting single states…

A computer simulation model was fitted to human laboratory data for the Missionaries and Cannibals task to explain the effects upon problem performance of giving a hint and the effect of solving problems a second time after a successful solution has been achieved. (Author/DEP)

Two studies were conducted to examine whether the elderly maintain the competence to solve Piagetian conservation problems. The results are discussed in terms of a distinction between competence and performance. (JMB)

When mathematics is used to help people cope with real-life situations, a three-stage intellectual process is involved. An operational instrument for assessing how a person moves from the first to the second and third stage is proposed. (Author)

Predictable affective responses are evoked during each phase of a group or organizational problem-solving process. With the needs assessment phase come hope and energy; with goal-setting, confusion and dissatisfaction; with action planning, involvement and accomplishment; with implementation, "stage fright" and joy; with evaluation, pride or…

Suggestions drawn from research and theory on problem-solving and creative decision-making. (Author/MLF)

A training program is described which provides, during fault diagnosis, additional information about the relationship between the remaining faults and the available indicators. An interactive computer program developed for this purpose and the first results of experimental training are described. (Author)

The link between the quality of attachment in infancy and the quality of play and problem-solving behavior at age two years was examined in 48 infants. (Author/JMB)

Investigated the effectiveness of a training procedure corresponding to a component analysis of a hypothesis-testing task in improving kindergarten children's problem-solving abilities. (Author/JMB)