Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of scientific inquiry concerned with designing machine systems that can simulate human mental processes. The field draws upon theoretical constructs from a wide variety of disciplines, including mathematics, psychology, linguistics, neurophysiology, computer science, and electronic engineering. Some of the…

Developed to identify and qualitatively assess computer system evaluation techniques for use during acquisition of general purpose computer systems, this document presents several criteria for comparison and selection. An introduction discusses the automatic data processing (ADP) acquisition process and the need to plan for uncertainty through…

Intended to provide assistance to non-technical end-users in evaluating the applicability of microcomputer-based systems to their needs and in choosing appropriate systems, this document recommends first identifying requirements and then identifying and evaluating alternative sources for application software, system software and hardware, and…

Based on the results of a survey distributed to all New York State public and non-public elementary and secondary schools, this publication presents a scenario of the current state of use of microcomputers and related equipment in those schools, and provides data and a context for a series of subsequent publications. The 20 data tables that…

Current approaches in developing and applying computer assisted instruction in language arts are described in this paper, which presents diverse positions along a continuum of perspectives and draws contrasts between a reductionist or subskill approach and a whole language emphasis. The paper discusses three predominant computer applications in…

The third of a three-part computer awareness program for grades K-9, this five-unit guide includes objectives, notes and explanations, and suggested activities for developing basic concepts, skills, and attitudes related to computer technology for grades 7-9. Student activity worksheets are included for each unit. Unit 1 covers computer operation,…

The teaching of broadcast copywriting can be enhanced by computer assisted instruction, especially in screening students' writing for adherence to classic "formulas" or "rules" for broadcast writing. Such rules might include avoiding cliches or not beginning a sentence with a subordinate clause. Other rules the computer can…

This paper discusses research on the processes by which individuals progress toward expertise in scientific domains, focusing on the activity of constructing qualitative problem representations during solution of standard mechanics problems in physics. It includes information on: (1) descriptive analyses of problem-solving performance; (2)…

In product engineering there often arise design analysis problems for which a commercial software package is either unavailable or cost prohibitive. Further, these calculations often require successive iterations that can be time intensive when performed by hand, thus development of a software application is indicated. This case relates to the…

The magnitude of the task of courseware development in the Time-Shared, Interactive, Computer-Controlled Information Television (TICCIT) project has required the development of well-defined and manageable techniques for courseware preparation. This paper reviews the problems involved and the team production techniques developed to overcome them.…

A review of the use of specific word processing programs to teach foreigners English language composition discusses advantages and disadvantages of such features as spelling checkers, prompting markers, and formatting programs. Suggestions are presented for enhancing students' writing skills both with and without word processing help. (CB)

Describes the emphasis of decision support systems as being on the decision making process itself, rather than the flow of information; reviews the uses of microcomputers in libraries in recent years; and compares five decision modeling software packages. An appendix lists the name, manufacturer's address, price, and hardware requirements of each…

A program obtained random samples from known populations, some of which violated the homogeneity assumption. Student t tests and Mann-Whitney U Tests were performed on the sample value. Where the t test led to incorrect decisions, the use of Mann-Whitney U test in its place led to poorer results. (JAZ)

The impact of several experimental programs involving the use of microcomputers with mentally retarded, physically disabled, emotionally disabled, or developmentally disabled children is discussed. The continuing need for such programs, better access, and more dissemination of information on these programs is explored. (CB)

Discusses end-user searching at Exxon through in-house training and with Searchmaster, a user friendly front end system. The six menu-like Searchmaster programs, which permit end-users to perform routine searches on specific databases, are described. (EM)