Studied the effects of maternal employment on mother-child relations and children's psychosocial functioning. Mother-son pairs (N=28) were divided into maternal working versus maternal nonworking groups. Groups were observed at home and in a laboratory. Results indicated no significant main effects or interaction effects for maternal working…

Reviewed research on the effect of the presence of other people on individuals' willingness to help in an emergency. Attention was paid to the nature of the precipitating incident; ambiguity of the helping situation; laboratory versus field settings; characteristics of subjects, victims, and bystanders; and communication among bystanders.…

Investigated the correlates of career salience for members of 127 dual-career families, developing a psychological model. High amounts of variance were explained for both men and women, though the explained variance was higher for men. The mean career salience scores for men and women were not significantly different. (Author)

Relationships among prior achievement, academic anxiety, locus of control, and performance in the first year of medical school were examined. Academic anxiety was found to be significantly related to first-year performance and when combined with a measure of prior achievement, resulted in a significant increase in prediction. (Author/MLW)

Briefly reviews major approaches and findings of past research on children of divorce, describes the articles chosen for this journal issue, and presents questions for future research. (Author/GC)

As a phenomenon, new education is described in terms of observed classroom behaviors. Several frameworks that might provide explanations of the phenomenon are examined, but each is found to stop short of genuine insight into the unconscious mechanisms at work. An explanation based on psychoanalytic insight is offered. (Author)

A description is given of some of the conditions surrounding schooling and education today which result in more stress for teachers and others directly involved with education. Working definitions of key terms pertaining to stress and teacher burnout are presented along with a general breakdown of some sources of stress. (JD)

The psychological effects of involuntary job loss on untenured professors are documented. Theoretical models, clinical observation, personal letters, and interviews point up the existence of a widespread mourning phenomenon among abruptly terminated academics, a pervasive response that has only been significantly measurable over the last decade.…

Noting the high barrio use of inhalants, the environment often surrounding inhaling, and various treatment approaches, the article describes the programs of several Hispanic community-based organizations in Mexico, Arizona, and California which have been developed to assist inhalant abusers and their families in overcoming the habit. (SB)

Parallels between the abusive parent and the abusive teacher are drawn, demonstrating problem areas that need to be determined in order to stop the abusive behavior. Problems include parent being abused as a child, failure to understand the child, society's attitude toward abuse, environmental stress, and lack of positive role models. (CT)

Argues that the way people organize their roles and identities is an empirical issue, not an established fact. Found that people who maintain more balance across their entire systems of roles and activities will score lower on measures of role strain and depression and higher on measures of well-being. (RJM)

Argues that cohesion is a measure of supportive interactions and that enmeshment is a measure of psychological control. In a study of children and adolescents, cohesion was associated negatively with both internalizing and externalizing adolescent problem behaviors. Enmeshment was related positively with youth problems, and more strongly with…

Followed a sample of young, married couples who recorded daily their housework tasks and levels of stress. Results showed that stress inside and outside the home influenced the amount of housework done. Concludes that housework time arises from a dynamic decision-making process sensitive to the social environment. (RJM)

Examined the effects of child maltreatment and interadult violence on children's developing strategies of emotion regulation and socioemotional development, and the role of emotion dysregulation in mediating the link between children's pathogenic relational experiences and behavioral outcomes for 3- to 6-year-olds. Found that maltreatment history…

Explores interrelationships among physical punishment, perceived caretaker acceptance-rejection, and youths' psychological adjustment. Administered self-report questionnaires to 281 school children in grades 3 through 12. Results suggest that physical punishment is associated with children's psychological maladjustment only if youths perceive…